HOSA Pathophysiology Disease Process and Terminology

homeostasis

stability of the body

aysmptomatic

showing no symptoms of disease

pathogenesis

development of disease

acute

abrupt onset of more or less severe symptoms that run a brief course (usually less than six months) then resolves or results in death

chronic

lasts longer than six months

predisposing factors (risk factors)

makes a person or group more vulnerable to disease (age, gender, lifestyle, environment, heredity)

acute inflammation

normal protective response to injury/disease, accompanied with redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function

widespread inflammation

marked by fever, malaise, and loss of appetite

necrosis

death of tissue

E. coli

colon, manure; causes enteritis infection

Staph aureus

skin, hair, anterior nares,causes wound infection, pneumonia, food poisoning, cellultis

Strep group A

oropharynx, skin, perineal area; causes strep throat, rhuematic fever,scarlet fever, impetigo

strep group b

genitalia causes; urinary tract infection, wound infection, endometritis

mycobacterium

lungs, cause tuberculosis

Neisseria gonorrhoae

genitourinary tract, rectum,mouth, eye; causes gonorrhea, pelvic inflammation, infectious arthritis, conjunctivitis

Ricketsia rickettsii

wood tick, rocky mtn. spotted fever

Staph epidermidis

skin; wound infection, bacteremia

Hepatitis A virus

infectious hepatits

Hepatitis B

serum hepatits

Hepatitis C

liver disease

Herpes simplex

cold sores; meingitis

HIV

Aids

hantavirus

URI infection LRI infection, ARDS

West Nile virus

virus that causes fever and illness \-- can cause encephalitis or meningitis or death --bites of mosquitos

Aspergillus

aspergillosis; found in soil and dust

Candida albicans

causes thrush and dermatitis; found in mouth skin colon, genital tract

Plasmodium

found on mosquito which can cause malaria

carcinoma

cancer of epithelial cells

sarcoma

cancer of bone/muscle

lymphoma

cancer of immune system

melanoma

cancer of melanin-producing cells

Metastases

secondary tumors

immunosenescence

gradual deterioration of immune system function

Hgb

measurement of hemoglobin

Hematocrit

percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells

Glycohemoglobin

hemoglobin with attached glucose

ESR

rate at which rbc fall out of whole blood to the bottom of the test tube

GTT

fasting blood glucose levels

C reactive protein

Measures inflammation (CHD causes inflammation)

Electrocardiogram(ECG/EKG)

record of the electrical activity of the myocardium

echocardiogram

ultrasound exam of the cardiac strucutre

MRI

uses a magnetic field to visualize internal structurs

CT

radiographic using a scanner system

nociceptors

pain receptors