Biological Anthropology Lecture Review

This flashcard set covers fundamental concepts and facts related to biological anthropology, including definitions, important figures, and the discipline's subfields.

What is anthropology?

The scientific study of humankind.

What are the four subdisciplines of anthropology?

Cultural anthropology, Archaeology, Linguistics, Biological anthropology.

What is biological anthropology?

The study of biological and evolutionary processes that shape humans.

What are alleles?

Different forms of a gene that can exist for a trait.

What does a Punnett square show?

The possible combinations of alleles in offspring from two parents.

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Dominant alleles express a trait even if only one copy is present; recessive alleles require two copies to express the trait.

What is a phenotype?

The observable traits of an organism.

What does biocultural anthropology study?

The interaction between biology and culture and how they influence one another.

Who was Charles Darwin?

The scientist known for introducing the theory of evolution by natural selection.

What is paleoanthropology?

The study of the fossil record for humankind.

What is the role of primatology in biological anthropology?

The study of anatomy, physiology, and behavior of living and extinct primates.

What significant discovery was made in 1856 in Germany?

The discovery of Neandertal Man.

How did anthropologists measure human variation?

Through anthropometry and craniometry.

How did the focus of biological anthropology change in the mid-20th century?

From studying races to studying populations considering adaptation to environmental conditions.

Why do humans have culture according to biological anthropology?

Biological evolution produced the capacity for culture.

Please put the 6 steps in the Scientific Method into the correct order.

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__1__

__6__

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Question 2

True or false, it was believed that "Neandertal Man" was an odd-looking modern human.

Incorrect Response

Selected

True

Correct Answer

Unselected

False

Question 3

Anthropopos and -ology are Greek words used to create the word anthropology. Based on these two Greek words, what is anthropology? Please select the correct answer.

Unselected

Anthropology is the scientific study of spiders

Selected

Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity

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Anthropology is the scientific study of turtles

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Anthropology is the scientific study of space

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Anthropology is the scientific study of dinosaurs

Question 4

Who, in addition to Charles Darwin, developed the theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?

Unselected

Joseph Dalton Hooker

Incorrect ResponseSelected

Robert FitzRoy

Correct AnswerUnselected

Alfred Russel Wallace

Unselected

John Stevens Henslow

Unselected

Erasmus Darwin

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Captain of the HMS Beagle, the ship Darwin was on for his legendary journey

Question 5

True or false, artificial selection involves humans guiding animal reproduction, based on desired traits, with a product goal in mind.

Selected

True

Unselected

False

Question 6

True or false, the "immutability of species," starting with Aristotle and continuing through Medieval Period (15th Century AD), is a belief that life forms are unchanging (no evolution) and are in a fixed position in a hierarchical ladder (humans at the top).

Selected

True

Unselected

False

Question 7

Please select the answer that fills in the blank.

Sometimes a big, new idea in science will completely overwrite the old way of thinking. This happens when a widely accepted theory in science is rejected based on the conclusions of new experiments. This results in a new way of thinking about a subject or our world or even possibly our universe. This significant change in scientific thinking and understanding is call a _______________________.

Selected

Paradigm Shift

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R-Value Contradiction

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Fractional Variation

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Enigma Zone

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Reversion Theory