Government- Chapter 6

What is federalism?

The division of power between national and state levels of government.

In principle, what does federalism limit?

tyranny

What form of government deals with national issues?

central government

What government deals with community needs?

local government

What are the powers assigned to the national government by the Constitution that define the limits of its authority?

delegated powers

What are the powers specifically given to the 3 branches of government? What is an example

enumerated powers, war

What are powers not specifically given, but necessary for the government to do its job? What is an example?

implied powers, military draft

What does the Tenth Amendment do?

Gives powers not assigned to the national government, reserved powers.

What article and section has restrictions on the state's powers?

Article I, Section 10

What are some of the restrictions on states?

States cannot make treaties, declare war, or coin their own money.

What is the supremacy clause?

No government or action law is allowed to go against the Constitution, it is the final word.

How does the Bill of Rights limit state power?

It stops states from making laws that take away people's basic rights.

Before the Civil War, how did most citizens view their states?

They saw their states as separate, sovereign, and more important than the federal government. They had close ties to the state.

How did Robert E. Lee show that people saw states as sovereign before the Civil War?

He chose to fight for Virginia in the Civil War, showing his loyalty was to his state rather than the federal government.

What happened to state power after the Civil War?

States lost supremacy to the federal government.

Why did states become more dependent on the federal government?

They needed help regulating commerce.

How did WWI and WWII affect the government's role?

The government took control of industry and the economy.

How did the Great Depression change people's view of government?

People began to expect the government to help more.

What was President Reagan's goal for the federal government?

To make it smaller and give more control back to the states. The federal government had too much control over many things, such as education, healthcare, emergency assistance, and energy.

Why didn't Reagan's plan to shrink the government work?

Congress refused to pass his plan.

What are Grants-in-Aid, and do states have to accept them?

Grants-in-Aid are funds transferred from the federal government to states to help carry out national policies. States do not have to take the money.

What type of grant is money given to state or local governments for a specific purpose? They come with certain guidelines and require matching funds.

categorical grants

What is an example of categorical grants?

food stamps and Medicare

What type of grant is money given to states or local governments to be spent for general purposes? It comes with fewer guidelines.

block grants

What is an example of a block grant?

Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)

What is distributing a portion of federal tax money to state and local governments?

revenue sharing

What are the four problems of federalism?

maintaining federal distinctions, giving and taking, growing national debt, competition for funding

What must the national government do to maintain federal distinctions? This is one of the problems of federalism.

It must honor the territorial rights of states. National government is obligated to protect the states from foreign invasion.

How do political parties show federalism at work?

They are built on state and local levels, not just nationally.

What does "Give and Take" refer to in federalism?

The balance of power and cooperation between national and state governments.

What is one financial problem of federalism?

The growing national debt.

Why can competition for funding be a problem in federalism?

States and local governments compete for limited federal money, which can cause conflicts.

What term means that the government can take property to accomplish something for the greater good?

eminent domain

What are two different types of categorical grants?

project and formula grants

What type of categorical grant is awarded according to the applicant's needs?

project grants

What type of categorical grant is awarded according to a demographic formula, such as unemployment figures, in a given area?

formula grants

Why does the federal government offer grants to states?

To encourage states to carry out national policies and programs.