AP Psych Unit 4 Social Psychology

...But only the words I don't know!

Peripheral route persuasion

Occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker’s attractiveness

Central route persuasion

Occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

Social Influence Theory

A psychological framework that explains how individuals are heavily influenced by the thoughts and actions of others

Normative Influence

Influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval

Informational influence

Influence resulting from one’s willingness to accept others’ opinions about reality

Social loafing

The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable

Deindivduation

The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occuring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity (student section)

Group polarization

The enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group (Dinner table the other day)

Groupthink

The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making overrides the realistic appraisal of alternatives (Bay of Pigs)

Ingroup bias

The tendency to favour our own group

Social responsibility norm

An expectation that people will help those needing their help

Social trap

A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each pursuing their self-interest rather than the good of the group, become caught in mutually destructive behavior (The show The Society!!!)

Mirror-image perceptions

Mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and the other side as aggressive and rude

Self-fulfilling prophecy

A belief that leads to its own fulfillment

Superordinate goals

Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation (French Revolution??)

Relative deprivation

The perception that individuals feel deprived or entitled to something when they compare themselves to a standard

Out-of-group homogeneity bias

The tendency to believe that members of a group that we are not apart of are similar

Confirmation bias

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information that supports or confirms our pre-existing beliefs

Social reciprocity norm

A social expectation that we should return help to those who help us