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roseman et al
aim : investigate the health effects of type A personality (competitive, critical and anger shown in conflict).
procedure : 3154 men (aged 39-59), looking at the onset of contrary heart disease (CHD) and it’s link between type A and type B personalities.
findings : 70% of CHD patients had type A personality. when matched with smoking/ lack of exercise/ low cholesterol levels/ blood pressure, type A was 2x more likely than type B.
kendler and prescott
aim : examine the substance use among MZ and DZ twins.
procedure : telephone interviews around lifetime cocaine use, abuse, dependence of addiction (485 MZ and 335 DZ).
findings : use = similar between MZ and DZ, abuse and dependence between them are strikingly different (very clear genetic role).
alexander ‘rat park’
aim : investigate the relationship between drugs and environmental setting in rats.
procedure : put rats in ‘rat park’ where they are free to roam, play, socialise and have sex. there were 2 separate hydration stations, one with pure water and one that was drug laced.
findings : rats preferred the plain water, opposing previous research of isolated rats.
weinstein
aim : investigate the role of optimism bias on the perception of health risks.
procedure : 88 students filled out a questionnaire around 11 health and safety risk. they were asked to reflect on their level of worry and their likelihood of the risk. group 1 - control group, group 2 - individual risk (some are more prone), group 3 - given the averages of other similar people.
findings : group 2 had the most optimism bias due to them being unaware of the risks to other people similar to them. group 3, because they were made aware of the risks, had the lowest optimism bias.
