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Gene pool
a gene pool is a combination of all the genes and alleles present in a population
Allele frequency
how often an allele shows up in a population
allele frequency equation
evolution
a change in allele frequencies in a population over many generations
population
a group of organisms of one species that live in the same area at the same time
species
a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring
gene flow/migration
the movement of individuals/genetic material from one population to another
processes that can cause evolution
mutation
natural selection
genetic drift
gene flow and migration
mutation
a permanent change in the dna sequence that creates a new allele
natural selection
organisms that are better adapted to an environment will survive and reproduce
natural selection requires
variation
differential reproduction
heredity
genetic drift
change in the frequency of an existing allele in a population due to random chance
two types of genetic drift
bottleneck effect
founder effect
bottleneck effect
where population rapidly decreases because of a major event
founder effect
a few individuals in a population leave their population to a new location or gets seperated
how does population size affect genetic variation
a small population has less variation and is more susceptible to change
