Genetic Change

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16 Terms

1

Gene pool

a gene pool is a combination of all the genes and alleles present in a population

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2

Allele frequency

how often an allele shows up in a population

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3

allele frequency equation

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4

evolution

a change in allele frequencies in a population over many generations

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5

population

a group of organisms of one species that live in the same area at the same time

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6

species

a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring

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7

gene flow/migration

the movement of individuals/genetic material from one population to another

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8

processes that can cause evolution

mutation

natural selection

genetic drift

gene flow and migration

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9

mutation

a permanent change in the dna sequence that creates a new allele

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10

natural selection

organisms that are better adapted to an environment will survive and reproduce

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11

natural selection requires

variation

differential reproduction

heredity

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12

genetic drift

change in the frequency of an existing allele in a population due to random chance

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13

two types of genetic drift

bottleneck effect

founder effect

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14

bottleneck effect

where population rapidly decreases because of a major event

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15

founder effect

a few individuals in a population leave their population to a new location or gets seperated

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16

how does population size affect genetic variation

a small population has less variation and is more susceptible to change

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