male & female reproductive system

describe the anatomy of the male and female reproductive system

purpose of the male reproductive system

generate male gametes (sperm) and deliver them to the female reproductive system

components of the male system

• penis

• vas deferens

• urethra

• prostate

• seminal vesicles

• testis

• scrotum

penis

organ for elimination of urine and sperm from the male body

vas deferens is a duct in which sperm moves from a testicle to which part of the male reproductive system?

urethra

what does the urethra deliver? from and to where?

urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of e body

2 functions of the prostate

controls the release of urine and secretes a portion of semen

what 2 things does semen enhance

motility and fertility of sperm

which organ produces sperm

testes

scrotum

the pouch of skin that contains the testicles

which part of the male reproductive system houses the testes away from the body to lower their temperature during sperm production?

scrotum

what happens if sperm grow at body temperature or warmer

the sperm do not mature properly

what does the prostate and seminal vesicles produce to nourish the sperm

fluids

how does sperm come out of the male body

1. sperm is ejaculated into the vas deferens

2. vas deferens leads to the urethra

   1. sperm is led to the outside of the body through the penis

5 primary roles of the female reproductive system

1. generating female gametes (ova/eggs)

2. fertilization (conception)

3. implantation (start of pregnancy)

4. gestation (pregnancy)

5. parturition (birth)

fertilization (conception)

fusion of the egg and sperm

what do ovaries produce and what are they used for

eggs produced for reproduction

fallopian tubes carry eggs from the ovaries to which part of the female reproductive system

uterus

what produces hormones

glands

what do hormones regulate

specific processes in the body

follicle

contains and allows for maturation of the female ovum (egg) within the ovary

8 components of the female reproductive system

• ovaries

• fallopian tubes

• uterus

• cervix

• vagina

• labia minora

• labia majora

• clitoris

what do the fallopian tubes connect the ovaries to

the uterus

how does a follicle react to changing hormone levels

it matures and releases an egg that travels down the fallopian tubes to the uterus

what normally occurs in the fallopian tubes

fertilization/conception

zygote

a released egg fertilized by sperm

blastocyst

ball of cells

what happens during implantation

a blastocyst implants itself in the uterine wall then develops into an embryo and grows a placenta

what does placenta allow into the network

embryonic and maternal blood supplies

what happens 40 weeks after fertilization

the uterus conracts and e fetus is pushed out through the vagina

puberty

period in which changes in hormone levels cause a growth spurt and development of secondary sex characteristics

what is puberty initiated by

the production of a hormone from the hypothalamus

which 2 hormones are released from the anterior pituitary gland during puberty

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)

in males, what does the LH signal the testes to produce

more testosterone

what does testosterone and FSH stimulate to produce

sperm cells

in females, what does the FSH signal the ovaries to produce

more estrogen

what 2 things does the release of estrogen cause some eggs to do

mature in the ovary’s follicles and the uterine endometrium to thicken

what does a sudden increase in LH tell the ovary to do

releas the egg that is ready to come out

corpus luteum

empty mature follicle

what does corpus luteum produce

large amounts of progesterone

what is the progesterone produced from corpus luteum used for

preparing the endometrium for implantation of the fertilized egg

what happens if implantation does not occur

the uterine lining sheds

menstrual cycle

cycle of maturation and shedding of endometrium

what does the pituitary gland control

growth and development