economic resources

vikings

explanation: when the vikings invaded cnut established england as the trading centre of the north sea empire. viking merchants also traveled far, trading wool, silk & spice with arab empires.

effects: lots of economic migrants who were craftsmen trained in making leather & tools. the vikings built up english trade & helped cities like york propser.

angevin empire

Explanation: it increased the opportunities for english merchants to trade with european merchants and trade exotic and expensive goods, including silk and spices with the middle east.

Effects: England was seen as unstoppable and the most powerful empire. helped the economy grow and establish trade routes and alliances with countries such as france.

slave trade

explanation: england wanted to compete with spain & portugal for the most powerful empire so john hawkins stole a portuguese slave ship and took them to the caribbean (barbados). eventually britian set up the navy & colonies in the caribbean.

effects: became a stronger empire than spain & portugal. industries (shipbuilders, banks and importing companies) prospered. cities like Bristol and Liverpool expanded. vast profits from the sugar and tobacco trade and their money was usually reinvested in further expansion.

navy (looking west)

explanation: england became a nation of ship builders which helped them attack the spanish & portuguese as the queen became envious of their empires. privateers stole spanish gold & slaves. england set up navy colonies in the caribbean (port royal) to keep an eye on close spanish territory (hispaniola, honduras).

effects: became a stronger empire than spain & portugal. industries (shipbuilders, banks and importing companies) prospered. cities like Bristol and Liverpool expanded. vast profits from the sugar and tobacco trade and their money was usually reinvested in further expansion.

expansion in india

explanation: the english wanted to sell spices, silk & jewels so they set up the east india company. the treaty of allahabad allowed for the EIC to collect taxes from India. after the 1857 rebellion, the british government took complete control.

effects: it developed the british economy and helped them regain their losses in the 7 years war & american war of independence.

expansion in africa

explanation: england sold palm oil from west africa and later gold & diamonds from south africa. Cecil Rhodes had the ‘Cape to Cairo’ idea to make it easier to transport minerals. Although it was never completed, Indentured Indians built the railway.

effects: caused lots of indian migration to British controlled East Africa (Uganda). helped britian’s economy hugely & expanded it’s trade monopoly.

irish migration

explanation: millions of irish left ireland due to the famine, mostly for the USA but some left for England. The irish men worked as navvies, expanding the railways in britian.

effects: made it easier to transport goods, people could travel for leisure which helped tourist industries, new industries prospered as a result of the industrial revolution.

suez canal

explanation: dug in egypt to connect the mediterranean sea with the indian ocean. it significantly sped up the tea, cotton & spice trades.

effects: large economic growth. however soon got taken off britian as the egyptians overturned all european rule over the suez.

windrush

Explanation: Nationality act allowed Caribbeans to move to Britain to look for work & a better quality of life because the Caribbean countries had little opportunities. (talk about help to economy)

Effects: Helped the workforce significantly after the losses of the war. (explain how).

huguenot migration

explanation: france was catholic however under the edit of nantes, they were supposed to tolerate the hugenots however this got overturned so many left for england.

effects: they had great work ethic across all industries (eg, textile) and were all educated & literate. britian benefited from their literacy & work.