New Testament Exam 3

NT Letters, Paul, Galations, Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Ephesians

Paul sending letters was an act of?

love

An amanuensis was?

a professional writer that would write letters

Paul’s letters

7 undisputed (everyone agrees Paul wrote/dictated)

6 disputed (wrote in Paul’s name)

how many letters are in the NT?

21 letters

authorship

literal authorship (most involved author)

forgery (none are in the NT)

pseudepigraphy

attribution to an author as an honor.

(used in 1st century)

1st part of a letter?

the Salutation (identifies author and receiver + a short greeting)

2nd part of a letter?

the Thanksgiving (thanks to God)

3rd part of a letter?

the Main Body (purpose to teach, encourage, or rebuke)

• contains multiple genres like church traditions, hymns, travelogues

4th part of a letter?

the Closing (not as systematic as greco-roman letters, has variety)

a modern letter contains:

• starts with stating recipient, ends with the sender

• a “sincerely” or similar statement as the end before signature

• letter is signed at the end

an ancient letter contains:

• person sending letter is named 1st, then the recipient

• after greeting, there’s a thanks for the recipient

• closing includes a benediction

• no signature at the end

Paul’s letters are presented in order of what length?

longest to shortest

which is not a category of NT letters?

letters by Mark

what are the pastoral letters?

1-2 Timothy and Titus

paul had many ______ listed

coauthors

There are __ levels of authority when examining NT Letters

7 levels

when examining whether a text is authentic, its important to consider?

the language and style of a letter

Saul (Paul before Jesus)

• a member of the people of Israel

• a descendant of Abraham

• member of the tribe of Benjamin

• a Hebrew born of Hebrews

• a Pharisee

Paul after Jesus

• did not abandon Judaism

• he did not stop being a Pharisee

• his arguments focus on what does/doesn’t save us

• focused on Jesus’s last week of life, Jesus’s death, and The Lord’s supper

Paul’s missionary strategy:

he worked under God and not men’s authority

the bulk of paul’s ministry took place?

in Macedonia, Asia, and Galatia

Paul is not a ____

gentile

Galatians was written between

48-52 CE

what was the situation at Galatia?

• Paul’s opponents attacked his credibility and integrity

• role of circumcision

Galatians has no _____?

Thanksgiving, he is upset

the debate in Galatians is about?

obedience, not salvation

Paul’s belief on circumcision?

Paul believes that Abraham was made righteous because he believed, not due to circumcision.

ex: gentiles are filled with holy spirit while uncircumcised

Paul’s belief on apostleship?

Paul got his discipleship from Jesus, so to question Paul = questioning Jesus

Paul’s belief on characteristics?

Paul’s opponents have inconsistent character, they do it for show unlike him

Paul’s belief in the validity of his message?

Paul did not make anything up, he received it directly from Jesus Christ

Paul believed all of the following about the policy in Antioch except it was?

unfair to Jews

What is not a key point that Paul makes when arguing that gentile Jesus followers should not be circumcised?

Jews were God’s people before gentiles

Replacement theology means:

Gentiles replaced Jews as God’s people

Paul views Jew’s unwillingness to believe in Jesus as?

God working through his covenant people, an intentional hardening

Paul’s view of Israel in the role of Salvation history can be described as?

God’s chosen instrument

what does Paul teach in section 1 of Romans?

• Both Gentiles and jews are under the wrath of God

• Jews: not obeying the law

• Gentiles: not obeying law on their hearts

What does Paul teach in section 2 of Romans?

• both Gentiles and jews are the beneficiaries of God’s grace

• they’re both reckoned as righteous because of their faith in Jesus Christ

What does Paul teach in section 3 of Romans?

• the behavior of those freed by Christ

What does Paul teach in section 4 of Romans?

• the role of the law

What does Paul teach in section 5 of Romans?

• the state of Jews and Gentiles now that Christ has come

What does Paul teach in section 6 of Romans?

• live in harmony, inner transformation leads to conformity with the will of God, live peacefully, respect opinions

What does Paul teach in section 7 of Romans?

• Paul’s travel plans

• list of greetings to individuals

• final doxology

Thesis statement for Romans?

• salvation to everyone with faith

• 1st Jews, then the Gentiles

• righteousness is revealed through faith

what does Paul teach about righteousness?

1. That God displays righteousness

2. God reckons others as righteous

3. God imparts righteousness

what is not a reason Paul wrote Romans?

condemn them for bad behavior

which of the following is not a way to explain Paul’s “all Israel will be saved”

everyone is Israel

Corinth was often regarded as the church with ____?

problems

Problems with the Corinth church include:

• factions within

• a man living in a relationship with his stepmother

• members of the church suing each other in secular courts

• “anything goes” philosophy to justify behaviors

Major themes found in 1 Corinthians

• Church Unity (Paul condemns the factions)

• Wisdom and Power (people identifying w/ leaders they thought powerful)

• Christ Crucified (Christian life is hard)

• Resurrection of the Body (resurrection is not spiritual)

• Christian Freedom (not free to sin, but free from sin)

why do these 1 Corinthian themes matter for Greeks and Jews?

for the Greeks:

• a critical way the message of Jesus is distinguished from the mystery cults

for the jews:

• critical way that the Jesus movement is distinguished from other Jewish “messianic movements”

Greeks and romans looked to _____ cults to understand what happened after death

mystery

which is NOT a matter Paul deals with in the early section of his letter to Corinth?

persecution

most of Paul’s converts were NOT?

Jewish

with which of the following does Paul say the Corinthians are identifying instead of the crucified Christ?

risen Christ

What does Paul advise to those who think it is ok to eat idol meat if their fellow Christians disagree?

do not eat it

Which spiritual gift might cause trouble in the Corinthian church because it can be viewed as spiritual boasting?

speaking in tongues

Major themes of 2 Corinthians:

• Paul’s Ministry (not to boast)

• Fundraising (Jerusalem collection for the poor and for unity)

• Boasting (he does it here to contrast himself from super apostles, does weaknesses)

• Apostolic Authority (seen the Lord, those who found churches, sign and wonders)

which of the following does not describe the super-apostles?

they were Paul’s former companions

which is not a mark of apostleship?

prophecy

what is neokoros?

the headquarters of imperial cults

the major themes in Ephesians?

• the Armor of God

• The Mysterious Plan on God

• Elevation of the Church

• Idealized Status of believers

the belt goes with?

truth, holds all things togetherr

the breastplate goes with?

righteousness, protects when people disagree

the shield goes with?

faith, they protect

the helmet goes with?

salvation, saves us (most important armor)

the sword goes with?

spirit, is a weapon and power

the shoes go with?

gospel, meant to be shared

in Ephesians, where does spiritual warfare take place?

in “heavenly places”

T or F: Ephesians is different from other letters because it describes a peaceful and idyllic Christian community.

this is true

How does the second half of the Ephesians letter relate to the first half?

provides practical implications of it

Which of the following is NOT a basic category for the authorship of Ephesians?

it is a forgery

Ephesians is addressed mainly to?

the gentiles

which literary device is found in Ephesians?

mystery

In Ephesians, what was the goal of Christ’s death?

the unity and holiness of the church

What is the code called that describes how husbands and wives are to treat each other?

household code

is it true that Paul did not follow the law after he accepted Jesus as his messiah?

no, this is false

Paul might say “Live in harmony!” in which of the following letters? (select all that

apply)

Romans

1 Corinthians

2 Corinthians