italian verbs n stuff idk

What is the imperfetto tense in Italian?

It's used to talk about things that used to happen or were happening in the past, like a memory or habit.

Example of imperfetto

Da piccolo, guardavo sempre i cartoni. → When I was little, I always watched cartoons.

What is passato prossimo?

It's how you say something that happened one time in the past, like 'I ate' or 'I went'.

Example of passato prossimo

Ieri ho visto un film. → Yesterday I watched a movie.

What is the presente tense?

It’s used to say what’s happening right now or what usually happens.

Example of presente

Parlo italiano. → I speak Italian.

What is futuro semplice?

It means something will happen in the future. Like saying 'I will go' or 'I will do'.

Example of futuro semplice

Domani studierò per l’esame. → Tomorrow I will study for the test.

What is the imperativo tense?

It’s used to give commands or tell someone what to do.

Example of imperativo

Chiudi la porta! → Close the door!

What does 'avere' mean?

It means 'to have'. It’s used to show what someone owns or with other verbs in the past.

Example with avere

Ho un cane. → I have a dog.

What does 'essere' mean?

It means 'to be'. You use it to describe things or in past tense with some verbs.

Example with essere

Sono felice. → I am happy.

What is a reflexive verb?

It’s when the action reflects back on the subject, like 'I wake myself up'.

Example of a reflexive verb

Mi alzo alle sette. → I get up at seven.

What are regular -are verb endings in present tense?

They are: -o, -i, -a, -iamo, -ate, -ano.

What are regular -ere verb endings in present tense?

They are: -o, -i, -e, -iamo, -ete, -ono.

What are regular -ire verb endings in present tense?

They are: -o, -i, -e, -iamo, -ite, -ono.

What is the imperfetto tense used for?

It's used to talk about things that used to happen, were happening, or to describe feelings and situations in the past.

When do you use imperfetto for habits?

When you're talking about things that happened often in the past, like routines.

Example of imperfetto as a habit

Andavo al parco ogni giorno. → I used to go to the park every day.

When do you use imperfetto for ongoing actions?

When something was happening and another action interrupted it.

Example of imperfetto as an ongoing action

Studiavo quando mi hai chiamato. → I was studying when you called me.

When do you use imperfetto for descriptions?

When describing how things were in the past like weather, time, age, or feelings.

Example of imperfetto used for description

Faceva freddo e pioveva. → It was cold and raining.

When do you use imperfetto for mental states?

To talk about thoughts, emotions, or desires in the past.

Example of imperfetto for mental state

Pensavo a te. → I was thinking about you.

How is the passato prossimo formed?

Present tense of avere or essere + past participle of the verb.

Which verbs use 'essere' in passato prossimo?

Verbs of motion, reflexive verbs, and some state-of-being verbs.

Conjugate 'andare' in passato prossimo for 'io'.

Io sono andato/a.

How is the imperfetto formed?

Take the infinitive stem and add: -vo, -vi, -va, -vamo, -vate, -vano.

Conjugate 'parlare' in imperfetto.

Parlavo, parlavi, parlava, parlavamo, parlavate, parlavano.

What are the regular -are endings in present tense?

-o, -i, -a, -iamo, -ate, -ano.

Conjugate 'vivere' in present tense.

Vivo, vivi, vive, viviamo, vivete, vivono.

How to form tu imperative for -are verbs?

Use the 3rd person singular form. Example: parla!

Negative tu form of 'mangiare'.

Non mangiare!

Imperative of 'essere' (tu, voi).

Sii! / Siate!

How is futuro semplice formed?

Take the infinitive, drop the final -e, and add: -ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno.

Conjugate 'dormire' in futuro semplice (tu).

Dormirai.

Present -ARE endings

-o, -i, -a, -iamo, -ate, -ano.

Present -ERE endings

-o, -i, -e, -iamo, -ete, -ono.

Present -IRE endings

-o, -i, -e, -iamo, -ite, -ono.

Imperfetto -ARE endings

-avo, -avi, -ava, -avamo, -avate, -avano.

Imperfetto -ERE endings

-evo, -evi, -eva, -evamo, -evate, -evano.

Imperfetto -IRE endings

-ivo, -ivi, -iva, -ivamo, -ivate, -ivano.

Futuro -ARE/-ERE endings

-erò, -erai, -erà, -eremo, -erete, -eranno.

Futuro -IRE endings

-irò, -irai, -irà, -iremo, -irete, -iranno.

Essere (present io)

sono

Essere (future io)

sarò

Avere (present io)

ho

Avere (future io)

avrò

Andare (present io)

vado

Andare (future io)

andrò

Fare (present io)

faccio

Fare (future io)

farò

Dare (present io)

do

Dare (future io)

darò

Stare (present io)

sto

Stare (future io)

starò

Venire (present io)

vengo

Venire (future io)

verrò

Potere (present io)

posso

Potere (future io)

potrò

Volere (present io)

voglio

Volere (future io)

vorrò

Dovere (present io)

devo

Dovere (future io)

dovrò

Sapere (present io)

so

Sapere (future io)

saprò

Dire (present io)

dico

Dire (future io)

dirò

Uscire (present io)

esco

Uscire (future io)

uscirò