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Ox An Red Cat
Oxidation at the Anode
Reduction at the Cathode
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S.H.E. is standard hydrogen electrode (2H+ + 2e- → H2)
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Gibbs free energy = - n * F * E Cell
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Galvanic cell | Electrolytic cell |
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Spontaneous | Non spontaneous |
G < 0 | G > 0 |
E Cell > 0 | E Cell < 0 |
Thermodynamically favorable | Thermodynamically unfavorable |
Positive ions leave the anode (-) and electrons travel to the cathode (+). | Positive ions flow to cathode (-). |
Anions flow to anode. | External power source |
Chemical energy → electrical energy | Electrical energy → chemical energy |
Electrons always flow anode to cathode.
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Charge = A*S
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The Electrolysis of water
2H2O → 2H2 + O2
H+ goes to cathode to be reduced
Cathode: 2H+ + 2e- → H2
Anode: 2O2 → 2e- + O2
H2SO4 is added as a catalyst
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Example of factor labeling:
# Minutes | 60 Seconds | # Amps | C | 1 mole e- | # mole element | molar mass g |
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1 Minute | A * S | 96485 C | # mole e- | 1 mole |
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