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Diffusion
Movement of particles or molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Osmosis
Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Selectively pemeable membrane
A membrane that allows certain materials to pass through, but not others
Tonicity
A description of the relative solute concentration in a solution as compared to another solution.
Equilibrium
The condition that exists in system when there is a relatively equal distribution of a particular molecule
Hypertonic
A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than another.
Hypotonic
A solution that has a lower concentration of solutes than another.
Isotonic
Two solutions that have an equal concentration of solutes.
Solute
substance that is dissolved in a solution
Solvent
the liquid that contains the dissolved solute in a solution.
Cell Membrane
regulates and controls what enters or leaves the cell
Facilitated Diffusion
this form of diffusion is regulated by protein channels in the membrane and requires no energy input from the cell
Active Transport
movement of molecules or ion into or out of the cell against its concentration gradient (from low to high) and requires an input of energy.
Endocytosis
movement of substances into the cell by creating a new vacuole at the cell membrane. requires energy.
Exocytosis
movement of substances out of a cell by merging a vacuole with the cell membrane. requires energy.
Hypertonic
the left side is _____ compared to the right side.
Hypotonic
The right side is _____ compared to the left side.
right, left, osmosis
Water will move from the _____ to the _____ by _____.
Hypotonic
The left side is _____ compared to the right side.
Hypertonic
The right side is _____ compared to the left side.
left, right, osmosis
Water will move from the _____ to the _____ by _____.
Cell Membrane
Composed of a phospholipid bilayer
Phospholipid
molecule that makes up cell membranes. It has a hydrophilic "head" and two hydrophobic "tails".
Hydrophilic
water loving. substances that easily mix with water.
Hydrophobic
water hating. substances that will not mix with water.
Transport Protein
Proteins within the cell membrane that function to move substances into or out of the cell.