solutions, colloids, & suspensions 4.15.25

state symbols

tells the state of a chemical [(s); solid, (aq); aqueous solution, (l); liquid)]

alloy

a homogeneous mixture or a solution of metals; two metals or a metal and a nonmetal (eg. steal, brass, sterling silver)

immiscible

not forming a homogeneous mixture when added together

solubility

how well a substance dissolves in another substance to produce a solution

solution

one substance dissolving in another substance; a thoroughly mixed homogeneous mixture of a substance in a single phase

emulsion

a liquid substance dispersed in a liquid to form a colloid that doesn’t mix (vinegar and oil)

agitation

mixing or moving something around

aqueous solution

a solution in which the solvent is water

dissociation

when ionic compounds separate into ions in solution when they dissolve

colloid

small particles distributed throughout another substance

suspension

a heterogeneous mixture containing large particles that settle on standing

solvation

when a solute particle is surrounded by molecules of solvent

homogeneous

uniform in composition

heterogeneous

not uniform in composition

homogeneous mixtures are? a) solutions, b) colloids, or c) suspensions

a) solutions

what is the substance that is getting dissolved?

the solute

the atmosphere contains approximately what % of nitrogen?

78%

bronze is an alloy made from which two metals?

tin + copper

what physical change breaks ionic bonds?

dissolving

sugar dissolves quicker in a) colder liquids or b) hotter liquids?

b) hotter liquids

what is a homogeneous mixture of gases?

air

why do bubbles form?

when gas cannot dissolve anymore

what does increasing surface area between solute and solvent cause?

an increase in the rate of dissolution and make it dissolve faster

what does decreasing temperature cause?

a decrease in the average speed of solvent molecules

what does raising solvent temperature cause the solvent and solute to do?

they will collide and become more frequent and more energetic

what is a solution called when it contains more dissolved solute than can normally remain dissolved at a given temperature?

supersaturated

solubility of solids in liquids usually increases when…

temperature increases

what is scattering of light called?

the tyndall effect

sodium chloride is an a) electron or b) electrolyte?

b)electrolyte

carbon dioxide in water is an example of a a)gas liquid combination or b) liquid gas combination?

a) gas liquid

what are the factors that affect the rate of dissolving?

size of the particles dissolving, stirring, and temperature

alloying elements can influence characteristics such as…

strengthen, hardness, ductility, corrosion resistance, and conductivity