GenPhysics1: Relative Motion-Newton's Law of Motion

motion

 a change in position/location concerning a reference point

position

refers to the location of an object to a frame of reference

quantities

describe the motion of a body, may be either scalar or vector

magnitude

quantity tells how large the quantity is

speed

• How fast an object or a body moves (m/s)

average speed

total distance travelled by a body per unit of time

instantaneous speed

the body is speed at a particular time, with the change in time being extremely small.

velocity

• displacement of a body per unit time

1. Change in magnitude/speed

2. Change in direction

3. Change in speed and direction

how can velocity change in 3 ways?

acceleration

• Refers to the change in velocity over time

• If the velocity is increasing, the object is accelerating

• If the velocity is decreasing, the object is decelerating

aristotle

he Believed that the heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones

galileo

• he Hypothesized that objects could fall at the same rate regardless of their mass

• The famous experiment of dropping two different objects at the Leaning Tower of Pisa

air resistance

• The force of fiction or drag acting on an object in a direction opposing its motion as it moves through the air

• A force that resists the motion of an object in the air

free fall

a type of motion that only happens if there’s NO AIR RESISTANCE and gravity is the only force acting on an object

1. free fall (upward)

2. free fall (downward)

3. dropped

cases of free fall

free fall (downward)

• Objects are fast and gain speed as they fall until they reach the ground

free fall (upward)

• The object’s speed decreases as it reaches its maximum height and velocity until it becomes zero

projectile motion

• Two-dimensional motion of an object

• An object upon which the only force is gravity

a. projectile

b. trajectory

c. range

d. height

parts of a projectile motion

projectile

an object or a body thrown whose motion is influenced by the pull of gravity

trajectory

1. the path that a projectile follows is principally determined by two types of motion: vertical and horizontal

range

1. the horizontal distance from the launching point to the landing point of a body

height

1. the highest point reached by a projectile where the maximum velocity is zero

UNIFORM MOTION or UM

what do you call when Vx is constant, ax is 0 motion along the x-axis

UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION or UAM

what do you call when Vy is changing g is constant motion along the y-axis

complimentary angles

Obtained from two different projection angles

1. law of inertia

2. law of acceleration

3. law of interaction

4. law of universal gravitation

newton’s law of motion

law of inertia

• “An object at rest tends to stay at rest.”

• “An object in motion continues to move in a straight line with a constant speed unless an external force acts on it

• The greater the mass of the object, the more inert the object is, and thus the greater is its inertia.”

mass: a measure of inertia

law of acceleration

• “____ of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.”

law of interaction

• “In every action there is an equal (magnitude) but opposite reaction (direction).”

law of universal gravitation

• “Every particle in the universe attracts every particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the centers of each particle.”