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Discuss differences between anatomy and physiology, including being able to identify examples of each
Anatomy: The study the structure, shape of the body and it’s parts (ex: sizes of the brain, the heart, etc)
Physiology: The study of how the body works / functions and its parts (air sacs of the lungs have thin walls)
Describe anatomical position
Standard body position → stand erect, feet parallel, arms hanging at the sides with palms facing toward and thumbs pointing away from the body
Define supine and prone non-anatomical position
Prone → lying down with face down
Supine → lying down with face up
Describe the 3 body planes and be able to label them on a diagram
Sagittal (Median)→ divides the body/organ into left and right parts
Frontal (coronal) → divides the body/organ into anterior and posterior parts
Transverse (cross) → divides the body/organ into superior and inferior parts
Discuss the abdominopelvic regions. How is the cavity divided, how are they useful, why do we have them for the abdominopelvic cavity but not the thoracic cavity?
It’s divided into 4 quadrants and 9 regions. These regions are useful because they house vital organs such as stomach or your liver. The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into regions to more precisely identify and locate organs and potential issues while the thoracic are relatively straightforward
List the levels of organization in the human body from smallest to largest. Be able to identify which of the levels are considered living and which are non living
Atoms non-living
Cells living
Tissues living
Organs living
Organ systems living
Organisms living
List the 5 basic survival needs discussed in class
Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, and atmospheric pressure
Define homeostatic and describe how it works in the human body
Homeostasis → maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions. It’s necessary for normal body function and to sustain life
What three components are found in all homeostatic control mechanisms?
Receptor
Control center
Effector
Describe the differences between negative feedback and positive feedback and provide examples of each.
Negative feedback → includes most homeostatic control mechanisms and shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity (ex: household thermostat)
Positive feedback → increases the original stimulus to push the variable father (ex: birth of a baby or blood clotting)
Discuss what happens if the body cannot maintain homeostasis
Could result in a disease or death