0.2 Types of Neurons

what are the parts of a neuron

• dendrites

• cell body

• nucleus

• axon

• myelin sheath

• axon terminal

function of a dendrite

receptor

receives signals from other neuron cells

function of cell body

contains nucleus

function of nucleus

DNA

contains genetic material (chromosomes) of the neuron cell

function of axon

passes message

conducts electrical impulses along the neuron cell

function of myelin sheath 

cover of myelin - insulation

insulates the axon to protect neuron cell and speed up transmittion of electrical pulses

function of axon terminal

end - by synapse

transmits electrical and chemical signals to other neuron cells and effector cells

key neurons in order

• sensory neuron

• relay neuron

• motor neuron

function of sensory neuron

receives information from the environment

transmits information to the brain (CNS) for processing 

structure of sensory neuron

receptor cell/dedrites

axon

myelin sheath

cell body

2 X axons

axon terminal - to CNS

function of relay neuron

‘pass on’

receives information from sensory neurons in the CNS

transmits information through the nervous system to Motor Neurons

connects - only found in CNS

where are relay neurons found 

only in CNS 

structure of relay neuron

dendrite

cell body

axon

to CNS

NO myelin sheath

NO receptor cell

function of motor neuron

transmits messages from the CNS to effectors (muscles and glands)

controls voluntary and involuntary movements and gland functions

structure of motor neuron

cell body

nodes of ranvier - gaps between myelin

axon

myelin sheath

what do the three neurons create 

reflexes 

through reflex arc 

what are the nodes of ranvier

gaps in myelin

found in motor neurons