Unit 4: Chapters 20-26 Practice

AP Collegeboard

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the formation of labor unions was often a response to

low wages and dangerous conditions in industrial work

Which of the following best accounts for the curve on the graph above depicting immigration to the United States from Asia, Africa and the Americas between 1882 and 1900?

Restrictive congressional legislation

The belief by some Americans that the Civil War was “a rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight” was reflected in

the draft riots in New York City

The Black Codes passed in a number of southern states after the Civil War were intended to

place limits on the socioeconomic opportunities open to Black people

Which of the following statements about African American soldiers during the Civil War is correct?

For most of the war, they were paid less than White soldiers of equal rank.

Which of the following developments best explains changes in agricultural production in the United States during the 1880s and 1890s?

New systems of transportation integrated farming into national markets.

The Supreme Court decision on *Brown* v. *Board of Education of Topeka* essentially reversed which of the following earlier Court decisions?

*Plessy* v. *Ferguson*

Which of the following pairs of immigrant groups were most prominent in the construction of the first transcontinental railroad?

Chinese and Irish

The most controversial and divisive component of the Compromise of 1850 was the

passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act

**“**Another marked characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon is what may be called an instinct or genius for colonizing. His unequaled energy, his indomitable perseverance, and his personal independence, made him a pioneer. He excels all others in pushing his way into new countries.**”**

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Americans advocating the ideas expressed in the passage above would be most accurately described as

Social Darwinists

“It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, November 1863

Question

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After 1863, which of the following most fulfilled the “new birth of freedom” that the excerpt refers to?

Ratification of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments

In the 1850’s, the South differed from the North in that the South had

fewer European immigrants

In 1861 the North went to war with the South primarily to

preserve the Union

In the late nineteenth century, state governments in the South were largely successful in restricting

African Americans’ voting rights guaranteed by the Fifteenth Amendment

Which of the following was LEAST involved in the struggle for women’s rights?

Dorothea Dix

Progressive reformers rejected Social Darwinism because they believed that

conflict and competition did not necessarily improve society

Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the crop lien system in the late nineteenth-century South?

A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers

Although the Sherman Antitrust Act was originally intended to inhibit the growth of business monopolies, courts initially used its provisions successfully against

labor unions

Which of the following was true of the 1873 Slaughterhouse Cases and the 1883 Civil Rights cases?

They weakened the protections given to African Americans under the Fourteenth Amendment.

All of the following contributed to Northern fear of a slave power conspiracy in the 1840s and 1850s EXCEPT the

passage of the Wilmot Proviso

On the eve of the Civil War, the South enjoyed an advantage over the North in

experienced military leadership

The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution established

that suffrage cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous servitude

A key goal of the Progressive movement was to

use government power to regulate industrial production and labor conditions

Constitutional amendments enacted during the Progressive Era concerned all of the following EXCEPT

imposition of poll taxes

The decisions of the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries generally did which of the following?

Strengthened the position of big business.

Which of the following developments best explains the reasons for the growth of a new urban culture in the late 1800s?

International and internal migration increased urban populations and brought diverse people to cities.

After the Civil War, women reformers and former abolitionists were divided over

legislation that ensured the voting rights of African American males