Week 7: Video Lesson: Learning

Habituation

The process of becoming less responsive to a repeated stimulus over time.

Behaviorism

A learning theory that emphasizes observable behaviors and interactions with the environment, focusing on stimulus-response relationships.

Dis habituation

A psychological phenomenon where a previously habituated response is restored or enhanced after the introduction of a new stimulus.

Classical Conditioning

A type of learning where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a naturally occurring stimulus, leading to an automatic, conditioned response.

Conditioned Stimulus

A key component of classical conditioning that refers to a neutral stimulus associated with a naturally occurring stimulus.

Discrimination

The ability to perceive and respond to differences among stimuli.

Extinction

The weakening or disappearance of a learned behavior when reinforcing consequences are withheld.

Second Order Conditioning

Occurs when a previously conditioned stimulus becomes associated with a new stimulus, leading to a conditioned response to the new stimulus.

Stimulus Generalization

The phenomenon where similar enough stimuli elicit the conditioned response.

Spontaneous Recovery

A phenomenon where a conditioned response reappears without additional training after being extinguished.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process that uses rewards and punishments to change behavior.

Thorndike’s Law Of Effect

States that behaviors followed by satisfying consequences are more likely to be repeated, while those followed by unsatisfying consequences are less likely.

Fixed Ratio Schedules

A reinforcement schedule where a response is reinforced after a specific number of responses.

Variable Ratio Schedules

A reinforcement schedule that reinforces a behavior after an unpredictable number of responses.

Cognitivism

A learning theory that emphasizes that humans learn from thinking and experiences, considering knowledge an internal process.

Constructivism

A learning theory that emphasizes individuals actively constructing their own knowledge through experiences.

Humanism

A theory proposing that knowledge and feelings are intertwined in the learning process.