Unit 6 Vocab AP Human Geo

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24 Terms

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Rank-size rule

A model that describes the relationship between the size of a city and its rank in the hierarchy of cities.

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Central place theory

A spatial theory in urban geography that seeks to explain the size, number, and location of human settlements.

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Range

The maximum distance consumers are willing to travel to purchase a good or service.

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Threshold

The minimum market size needed to support a particular good or service.

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Megacity

An extremely large city, typically with a population of over 10 million people.

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Burgess Concentric Zone Model

A model that divides the city into five concentric zones, illustrating urban social structures.

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Hoyt’s model

A model that proposes the city develops in sectors radiating from the CBD, focused on transportation routes.

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Multiple nuclei model

A model that suggests cities have multiple centers (nuclei) that develop independently.

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Favelas

Informal settlements in Brazil, typically characterized by poor infrastructure and housing.

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Squatter settlements

Areas inhabited by people who occupy land illegally, often lacking proper infrastructure.

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Edge cities

Suburban business districts that emerge on the outskirts of larger cities.

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Zoning Ordinance

A law that defines how property in specific geographic zones can be used.

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Gated communities

Residential areas with restricted access, often characterized by security measures.

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Brownfields

Previously developed land that is not currently in use and may be contaminated.

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Urban redlining

The discriminatory practice of denying services to residents based on the location of their neighborhood.

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Gentrification

A process of urban renewal that can result in the displacement of lower-income residents.

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Food deserts

Areas with limited access to affordable and nutritious food.

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Urban sprawl

The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into suburban and rural land.

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Greenbelts

Areas of open space that are preserved from urban development.

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New Urbanism

An urban design movement promoting walkable neighborhoods and mixed-use communities.

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Galactic city

A model of urban development characterized by dispersed urban areas surrounding a central city.

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Primate Cities

Cities that are disproportionately larger than any other city in the same country, often serving as the political, economic, and cultural capital.

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Quantitative data

Data that can be measured and expressed numerically.

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Qualitative data

Data that is descriptive and cannot be measured numerically.