APUSH TIME PERIOD 7

1890

Frontier declared closed – Census announces no remaining western frontier

1890

How the Other Half Lives published – Jacob Riis exposes urban poverty

1898

Spanish-American War – U.S. defeats Spain and gains overseas influence

1898

Annexation of Hawaii – U.S. formally acquires Hawaii

1899–1902

Philippine-American War – Filipino resistance to U.S. rule

1900

Open Door Policy – U.S. promotes equal trade access in China

1901

Theodore Roosevelt becomes president – Expands federal power and reform

1906

Pure Food and Drug Act – Regulates food and medicine safety

1906

The Jungle published – Exposes meatpacking industry abuses

1913

16th Amendment – Federal income tax established

1913

17th Amendment – Direct election of senators

1914

Clayton Antitrust Act – Strengthens regulation of monopolies

1919

18th Amendment – Prohibition of alcohol

1920

19th Amendment – Women gain the right to vote

1914–1918

World War I – Global conflict involving major powers

1917

U.S. enters World War I – Joins Allied Powers

1917

Selective Service Act – Military draft established

1917

Espionage Act – Limits anti-war actions and speech

1918

Sedition Act – Criminalizes criticism of the government

1919

Treaty of Versailles – Officially ends World War I

1919–1920

First Red Scare – Fear of communism and radicalism

1920s

Consumer culture expands – Mass production and advertising grow

1920s

Harlem Renaissance – African American cultural movement

1924

Immigration Act – Limits immigration with quotas

1925

Scopes Trial – Debate over evolution and religion

1927

Lindbergh’s Atlantic flight – First solo nonstop transatlantic flight

1929

Stock Market Crash – Triggers the Great Depression

1930

Hawley-Smoot Tariff – Raises tariffs, worsens Depression

1933

Franklin D. Roosevelt inaugurated – Begins New Deal leadership

1933

New Deal begins – Federal programs to fight Depression

1935

Social Security Act – Pensions and unemployment insurance created

1930s

WPA & CCC – Job programs for unemployed Americans

1937

Court-packing plan – Attempt to expand Supreme Court

1939

World War II begins – Global war starts in Europe

1941

Lend-Lease Act – U.S. supplies Allied nations

1941

Pearl Harbor – Japanese attack brings U.S. into war

1942

Executive Order 9066 – Japanese American internment

1944

GI Bill – Education and housing benefits for veterans

1944

D-Day invasion – Allied invasion of Normandy

1945

Atomic bombs dropped – Hiroshima and Nagasaki attacked

1945

World War II ends – Allied victory