Chapter 12-13 Videos

Census Metropolian Areas

Grouping of census subdivisions compromising the ‘urban core’ urban fringes’ and ‘rural fringes’

• must have 100 000 people, and 50 000 must live in the core

Census Agglomerations

Closely connected CMAs: commuting

Urban core of 10 000 - 100 000

What is the Winnipeg CMA

50% or more of the labour force of a neighbouring municipality works in the city, then the municipality is included in the core city’s CMA

Includes City of Winnipeg and rural muninipalities of Richot, Tache, Springfield, East + West St. Paul, St Francois Xavier, Headingley, St. Cements and the Brokenhead First Nation

Urbanization

The process through which the proportion of population living in cities increases

Megalopolis

a collection of adjacent or overlapping metropolitan areas that merge into a continuous urban region

Characteristics of Megalopolis

High population density

Demand for goods from outside

Urban centers growing towards each other

freeway culture

Megacity

Metropolitan area with a population over 10 million

Social Area Analysis

Study of where people of varying living standards, ethnic background and lifestyle live within an urban area

Sprawl

The development of relatively low-density suburbs at locations outside the existing built up arena

Issues with Sprawl

Longer commutes, mroe traffic andmore fuel consumed

Services, roads and utilities extended

Increased air pollution, water pollution from run-off, and agicultural land lost

Poor access to transit

Increased healt issues and stress

Smart Growth

Legislation and regulations to limit suburban growth and preserve farmland is called smart growth

relatively compact

The city challenged

low-income residents of inner city neighbourhoods face and unending cycle of hardships

Infrastructure Problems

As financial problems intensify, public spending on infrastructure has declined

Toronto and Infrastructure Problems

6000km of water mains that are on avg 61 years old

concerns about leakage and pollutants in drinking water

Concentric Zone Model

a city grows outward from a central area in a series of concentric rings, like the growth rings of a tree (Figure 13.3.1). Back in the 1920s, Burgess identified five rings, using labels widely used at the time (Figure 13.3.2). The precise number and width of the rings vary from one city to another, but the same basic types of rings appear in every city in roughly the same order.

Consumer Services

provide services to individual consumers who desire them and can afford to pay for them

50% of all jobs

Business Services

Principal purpose of business services is to facilitate the activities of other businesses

25%

Public Services

The purpose of public services is to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses

8% of Jobs

Canada Working percentage

19 mill worked full time

15 mill in services sector

Manitoba working percentage

653 000 ppl worked full time

17.5% worked in manufacturing + construction

501 000 worked in the services sector 78%

25 000 worked in agriculture 4%

How much do services generate in terms of GDP in developed vs Developing countries

66% developed vs 50% developing

Where are services located?

Settlements

Food Desert

an area that has a high number of low income residents and poor access to grocery store