biopsych lab exam 1

What does the Na+ K pump do?

The pump does something called concentration gradient. This basically means that sodium is low on the inside and potassium is high on the outside.

What are the 3 types of ion channels?

(Leak channels: always open) (Voltage gated ion channels: allows for positively or negatively charged ions to flow through) (Ligan gated ion channels: allows for ions to flow through)

What is potassiums membrane potential?

-90

What is sodiums membrane potential?

+50

Why are neurons negative?

• DNA is negative

• Sodium potassium pump

• Potassium is more permeable: basically the cell always wants to be at -90

What would happen if you manipulated the K+ voltage gated channels?

Action potential would fall at a slower rate and there would be no hyperpolization

What would happen if you manipulated the Na+ voltage gated channels?

• blocked Na+ channels: no depolarization

• keeping Na+ channels open: prolonged depolarization

What is the refractory period?

The refractory period is the brief time following stimulation when a neuron is less excitable

Olfactory Nerve

smell

Optic Nerve

sight

Oculomotor, Trochelar, and Abducens Nerves

movement of the eyes

Trigemental Nerve

chewing and facial sensation

Facial Nerves

facial expressions

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

hearing

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

tongue sensation; taste

Vagus Nerve

relaxation

Accessory Nerve

activating your neck and shoulders

Hypoglossal Nerve

the movement of your tongue

Ruffini Corpuscle

• receptor endings are embedded in collagen

• super deep in the skin

• large receptive field

Merkel’s Discs

• to the surface; light touch

• made of carotin

• small receptive field

Pacinan’s Corpuscle Cells

• tree like structure

• deep touch

• large receptor field

Meissner’s Corpuscle

• n i p p l e looking

• light touch

• small receptor field