Unit 1 vocab bio

hflawlda,

Cell

Is the basic unit of structure and function in an organism

Stimulus

A change in an organism's surrounding that causes the organism to react.

Response

An action or change in behavior

Homeostasis

regulation of an organism's internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for life

Reproduction

Production of offspring

Sexual Reproduction

Two cells (sperm and egg) unite to produce the first cell of the new organism

Asexual Reproduction

When an organism just divide themselves in two

Biotic Factors

Living things in an ecosystem.

Abiotic Factors

Nonliving physical or chemical part of an ecosystem.

Growth

Process of becoming larger.

Development

Process of change that occurs during on organism's life.

Tissue

A group of cells that are similar in structure and work together to perform a specific function

Organ

A group of tissues that perform a specific function.

Organ Systems

A group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions.

Robert Hooke

English Scientist credited with the discovery and naming of cells using a microscope. He viewed thin slices of cork.

Theodor Schwann

A German scientist who along with Schleiden is best known for developing the cell theory that all living things are composed of cells. He established that the cell is the basic unit of all living things by studying animal cells.

Rudolf Virchow

Know as the father of modern pathology. Credited with the idea that all cells come from existing cells.

Matthew Schleiden

German scientist who best known along with Schwann for developing the cell theory that all living things are composed of cells. Establishing that the cell is the basic unit of life by studying plant cells.

Cell Theory

1. All living things are composed of one or more cells.

2. The cell is the basic unit of life and organization.

3. All cells arise from preexisting cells.

Virus

a microscopic agent that is unable to grow or reproduce without a host cell. It is not a cell but does have DNA or RNA covered by a protein coat. It is nonliving.

Organization of Life

Organelles>>>Cells>>>> Tissues>>>> Organs>>> Organ systems>>>> Organism

Metabolism

the sum of all chemical reactions in an organism used to convert nutrients into energy

Cell Division

the division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material.

Adaptation

a special characteristic that enables an organism to better fit its environment.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

First person to observe living cells in a drop of pond water with a simple microscope

Cell differentiation

Process that creates different types of specialized cells

Stem Cells

Special cells that can differentiate into specific types of cells

Capsid

The protein shell of a virus that surrounds its genetic material (DNA or RNA)

Host Cell

A living cell that is infected with a virus

plant organization

organelles (chloroplasts, ribosomes)>>cell>>Tissues>>Leaf>>shoot system>>plant