The Endocrine System and The Autonomic System

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15 Terms

1

what type of control and the CNS and SNS involved in?

concious conrol (moving your arm) and reflective control (moving your hand when burnt)

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2

what does the ANS and endocrine system do?

involved in whole body changes (e.g. parasympathetic and sympathetic states we see when we're looking at the stress response)

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3

what're the endocrine glands?

hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries (female) and testes (male)

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4

what does the hypothalamus do?

  • triggers fight or flight

  • part of the CNS

  • not a gland

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5

what is the pituitary gland part of?

autonomic nervous system

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6

what is the 'hind' brain made up of?

pituitary gland, spinal cord, pineal gland, hypothalamus

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7

what does the pituitary gland do?

  • triggers and controls state changes

  • e.g. fight or flight responses to stress

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8

what is homeostasis?

  • the bodies natural tendency to balance its internal environment

  • the body always returns to its starting position when its able to

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9

what is a 'natural state'?

  • at a normal resting state the bodies internal processes are controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system (returns to homeostasis)

  • maintains your systems while storing and conserving energy

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10

what happens when something scares us, what does the ANS put us into?

a sympathetic state via the sympathomedullary pathway

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11

three things about the right adrenal gland

  • shaped like a triangle

  • releases glucocorticoids

  • (left and right) have a rich blood supply because it's above the kidneys

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12

three things about the left adrenal gland

  • semi circle shape

  • medulla releases adrenaline and noradrenaline

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13

recall the sympathetic state process

  1. hypothalamus detects a stressor

  2. activates the sympathetic nervous system via the pituitary gland

  3. this stimulates the adrenal medulla

  4. causes it to release adrenaline and noradrenaline

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14

what are the physiological effects of the sympathetic state?

  • increases heart rate

  • increases breathing rate

  • dilates pupils

  • inhibits digestion (butterflies)

  • inhibits salvia production

  • contracts rectum

  • turns immune system off

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15

what are the parasympathetic state reactions to sympathetic state changes?

  • decrease heart rate/breathing rate

  • contracts pupils

  • stimulates digestion

  • stimulates salvia production

  • relaxes rectum

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