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what type of control and the CNS and SNS involved in?
concious conrol (moving your arm) and reflective control (moving your hand when burnt)
what does the ANS and endocrine system do?
involved in whole body changes (e.g. parasympathetic and sympathetic states we see when we're looking at the stress response)
what're the endocrine glands?
hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries (female) and testes (male)
what does the hypothalamus do?
triggers fight or flight
part of the CNS
not a gland
what is the pituitary gland part of?
autonomic nervous system
what is the 'hind' brain made up of?
pituitary gland, spinal cord, pineal gland, hypothalamus
what does the pituitary gland do?
triggers and controls state changes
e.g. fight or flight responses to stress
what is homeostasis?
the bodies natural tendency to balance its internal environment
the body always returns to its starting position when its able to
what is a 'natural state'?
at a normal resting state the bodies internal processes are controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system (returns to homeostasis)
maintains your systems while storing and conserving energy
what happens when something scares us, what does the ANS put us into?
a sympathetic state via the sympathomedullary pathway
three things about the right adrenal gland
shaped like a triangle
releases glucocorticoids
(left and right) have a rich blood supply because it's above the kidneys
three things about the left adrenal gland
semi circle shape
medulla releases adrenaline and noradrenaline
recall the sympathetic state process
hypothalamus detects a stressor
activates the sympathetic nervous system via the pituitary gland
this stimulates the adrenal medulla
causes it to release adrenaline and noradrenaline
what are the physiological effects of the sympathetic state?
increases heart rate
increases breathing rate
dilates pupils
inhibits digestion (butterflies)
inhibits salvia production
contracts rectum
turns immune system off
what are the parasympathetic state reactions to sympathetic state changes?
decrease heart rate/breathing rate
contracts pupils
stimulates digestion
stimulates salvia production
relaxes rectum