5.2 Methods of Achieving Independence in the Indian Subcontinent

1920-1922

Gandhi‘s first noncooperation campaign begins

1929

congress demands complete independence from India

1930

the Salt March begins

1939

WW2 begins

1942

cripps mission to seek military support during ww2

1945

WW2 ends

Hartal

Boycott of British goods

1920

Congress decided to support Gandhi‘s plan of non cooperation

1927

British appointed the Simon commission to make recommendations for constitutional reforms in India (no Indians were included)

1927 (Nehru)

drafted a constitution that called for dominion status

The Salt March

Gandhi walked over 250 miles to the ocean in order to symbolically pick up salt as it symbolized life (had been highly taxed and Indians were not able to make their own.

1932

Gandhi arrested again

Historical Houses

• imperialist ~ Foucault on the role of British in the progress towards independence

• Indian nationalist historians ~ focus on the role of Indian political leader

• Subaltern studies ~ focus on the role of marginalized populations

Government of India act

gave Indian provinces more control through election

• insured that Britain could also maintain emergency control

• Congress won first elections by a landslide

Jawahrla Nehru and Chandra Bose

• Left wing

• Were frustrated with lack of progress with Gandhi‘s methods

1941

Winston Churchhill commits Britain to the Atlantic charter

1942 ~ quit India

Felt postponement of independence was unreasonable

• increased civil disobedience