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How does dental public health differ from clinical practice?
Dental public health promotes health at a community level, while clinical practice focuses on individual care.
What is the goal of dental public health?
To create and use opportunities to implement effective solutions to population oral health and healthcare problems.
What are the main concerns of dental public health?
Diagnosing a population’s oral health problems, establishing the causes and effects of those problems, and planning effective interventions.
What is dental public health?
It is the science and practice of preventing oral diseases, promoting oral health, and improving quality of life through organized efforts of society.
What will be presented to emphasize the importance of public health in dentistry?
A dental public health structure.
Why is public health recognized as a core component in undergraduate medical and dental curricula?
It acknowledges the importance of public health in the practice of medicine and dentistry.
How does knowledge of health service planning and management benefit dentists?
It enables them to plan and develop their dental practices more effectively.
What is particularly important to oral health in terms of prevention and promotion?
A broad understanding of diet and nutrition, body hygiene, tobacco use, and the use of fluorides in preventing dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancers.
What is a core aspect of dental public health?
Exploring the principles of prevention and oral health promotion and identifying opportunities for effective preventive interventions.
What does knowledge of the epidemiology of oral disease facilitate?
An understanding of the extent, aetiology, natural history, and impacts of oral conditions.
Why are dental services developed?
To address and effectively meet the oral health needs of individuals and the wider community.
When and where was the first WHO International health promotion conference held?
In 1986, in Ottawa, Canada.
What are the three basic strategies identified by the Ottawa Charter for health promotion?
A: Advocacy for health,
enabling all people to achieve their full health potential,
and mediating between different interests in society in the pursuit of health.
When and where was the Alma-Ata declaration made?
In 1978, at an international conference organized by WHO in Alma-Ata, in the then Soviet Republic of Kazakhstan.
What are the five priority action areas identified by the Ottawa Charter to support health promotion strategies?
Build healthy public policy,
create supportive environments for health,
strengthen community action for health,
develop personal skills,
and reorient health services.
What are the core themes of dental public health practice?
Concepts of health,
determinants of health,
concepts of need,
inequalities in oral health,
preventive approach,
quality of dental care,
and evidence-based practice.
Epidemiological changes
Changing pattern of disease,
for example, dramatic improvements in caries, persistence of oral health inequalities.
Demographic shifts
Ageing population,
changes in family structures, greater population mobility, increasing cultural diversity.
Organizational changes
Health service reforms,
greater emphasis on primary care services and pre-vention, evidence-based medicine/dentistry, corporate bodies, clinical governance.
Professional development
Importance of life-long learning, team work, interpersonal skills.
Social change
Consumerism, increasing public expectations and demands on health services, widening social and economic inequalities.
Political pressures
Changes to the welfare state, pressures for cost containment on public spending, rationing care, increasing professional accountability.
Technological change
Health informatics, pharmaceutical developments, new genetics', new dental materials.
How does the American Board of Dental Public Health define dental public health?
The science and art of preventing
and controlling dental disease
and promoting dental health through organized community efforts,
focusing on the community as a patient rather than individuals.
How does public health aim to keep people healthy?
By controlling or limiting factors that impede health and organizing public resources to prevent dependency due to disease or injury.
What are the four broad areas public health is concerned with?
Lifestyle and behavior,
the environment,
human biology,
and the organization of health programs and systems.
What is Winslow's definition of public health?
The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting efficiency through community efforts, including sanitation, infection control, personal hygiene education, medical services, and ensuring a standard of living for health.
How does Knutson define public health?
Concerned with the aggregate health of a group, community, state, or nation, aiming to improve and protect the health of the population.
How is a community defined?
A group of people located in a defined geographic area, such as a city, nation, or state.
What is a general definition of the public?
A collection of people without regard to a specific geographic area.
How does Knutson define "public"?
"Of or pertaining to the people of a community, state, or nation."
How do Pickett and Hanlon define health?
A continuum where disease or injury may lead to impairment, which may lead to disability, requiring external resources or aids for daily living.
What is Dubos' view on health?
Complete and lasting freedom from disease is an ideal, remembered from the Garden of Eden.
How does the WHO define health?
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.
What is a negative definition of health?
The absence of disease.
How is health defined subjectively?
By factors such as age, gender, or social class.
How can health be measured objectively?
By measuring individual metrics like blood pressure or population metrics like the proportion of 5-year-olds who are caries-free.
How is health defined objectively?
As the normal functioning of body systems and processes.
8 dimensions of health (sas 3)
physical health
mental health
emotional health
social health
spiritual health
sexual health
societal health
environmental health
Concerned with the functioning of the body | ||
Physical Health |
The ability to think clearly and coherently | ||
mental health
The ability to recognize and express emotions such as fear, joy, grief | ||
emotional health
The ability to form and maintain relationships | ||
social health
concern within either religious beliefs and practices or personal creeds and principles of | ||
spiritual health
Concerned with acceptance and expression of sexuality | ||
sexual health
A person's health is closely linked to the environment he or she lives in, her atrastructure, | ||
societal health
Refers to the people's living conditions, such as local physical environment | ||
Environmental Health |
science and practice of preventing oral diseases, promoting oral health, and improving quality of
life through the organized efforts of society
Dental Public Health
ability to detect the condition when it is present
Sensitivity
ability to not detect the condition when it is absent
Specificity
Ability to distinguish between small increments
Precision
To be reliable, the index must give the same results, with very limited degrees of
tolerance, each time it is applied.
Reliability
Safe and not demeaning to the subject
Acceptability
Quantifiability
The index should be amenable to statistical analysis and interpretable.
Method of bringing the examiners to a unified diagnostic technique and product
Calibration
Ensured when examiners are checked and recalibrated periodically during a study to ensure
uniformity or diagnostic technique and findings
Interexaminer reliabilty
When individual examiners are rechecked periodically to ensure that they have not changed
in diagnostic technique over time during the data collection period.
Intraexaminer reliability
Measures condition that can be changed
Reversible index
Measures conditions that will not change
Irreversible index
Patient’s entire periodontium or dentition is measured
Full mouth indices
Measure only a representative sample of the dental apparatus
Simplified indices
Note
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