Computer science

Data type

A classification that specifies what kind of value a variable can hold

all data types used in Python

Integer, string, float, Boolean, list, tuple, dictionary

What is GUI?

Graphical User Interface- a visual way for people to interact with computers using icons, ect.

What is a widget?

A building block of the GUI, like a button or label that users can see or interact with

What is iteration and what are the loops in Python

Iteration is the repetition of code for, while

Sequence

These are the steps a program must follow to complete the task

Selection

if elif else- if it doesn't meet if criteria it moves onto elif, if it doesn't meet elif it goes to else

What is a function?

A block of code that performs a specific task and can be reused

three main constructs

Sequence, Selection, Iteration

What is tkinter

a library within Python

Library

Built-in code that has been pre-written and tested with specific functions. For example, random library and Tkinter library

Element

elements that we can use are text boxes, labels and buttons these are known collectively as widgets. A label that text has been added onto

Label

a label is a widget used for display only. The user cannot interact with it

Method

a prewritten function that belongs to an object: e.g. widgets: entry, labels, buttons ect

CLI

Command line interface- a text based interface where you can interact with the computer operating system

Entry

A small interaction that where the user can enter something

Function

A piece of code that carries out something. You can use it many times in one code

Button

A clickable button that you can click to interact with

Text

A bigger box for users to type multiple lines of text

Frame

A box or container that groups other widgets

String

Sequence of characters

integer

Numeric- whole number

float

Number- decimal

Boolean

True or false

tuples

Data type they can store strings, integers and other data. Unlike a variable they can store multiple pieces of data. The data stored cannot be changed. The first value is 0 uses normal brackets ()

list

Similar to tuple but can change. Items can be stored, updated, deleted or added uses square brackets []

Dictionaries

Similar data type however we supply our own indexes. In a dictionary an index is called a key uses curly brackets {}

For loop

A for loop is count controlled - e.g. "For 10 seconds I will jump up and down".The loop will continue until the count (e.g. 10 seconds) has finished.

for i in range(5):

print("This is a loop!")

While loop

A while loop is condition controlled - e.g. "While I am not out of breath, I will jump up and down."The loop will continue as long as the condition remains true.

Example of Selection

If age < 13 output child, else if > 13 and < 20 output teenager, else output adult

Subroutine/functions

These are smaller parts of a program that have a specific purpose

.get() method

The .get() method will allow user input to be sent to the program

First, I want to store the user input into a variable called name

.delete() method

A method used to remove a specified key and its associated value from a data structure.

.insert() method

A method used to add a new element at a specified position in a data structure, such as a list or an array.

What is the foundational element of the Tkinter GUI?

The window

Entry widget methods

Retrieving text .get()

Deleting text .delete()

Inserting text .insert()

Casting

Changing one data type into another

What does slicing do?

Takes a part of a string or list

Try and except

Try allows you to test the code for errors

The accept block allows you to fix those errors

How to identify a subroutine

Any function defined with def is a subroutine