Cell Biology

what is the function of the nucleus

contains genetic material

Mitochondria

Releases energy.

function of the cell surface membrane

Partially permeable to allow certain substances to enter the cell.

function of the cytoplasm

site of chemical reactions within the cells

what is the function of chloroplasts

contain chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight for respiration

function of a vacuole

contains cell sap which helps cell stability

function of a cell wall

strengthens and supports the cell

what ate prokaryotic cells

cells without a nucleus, smaller than eukaryotic cells

what is binary fission

method of division in prokaryotic cells

magnification definition

how many times bigger the specimen is

what is resolution

ability to distinguish between two separate points

how is a red blood cell adapted

adapted with a biconcave shape and no nucleus

adaptation of a sperm cell

has many mitochondria, a tail, and enzymes to digest the egg cell membrane

function of an egg cell

contains nutrients for growth and a haploid nucleus.

adaptation of nerve cells

adapted to be long and thin with branched connections.

adaptation of ciliated cells

tiny hairs that move mucus

adaptations of root hair cell

tiny hairs to increase surface area.

adaptations of palisade cells

abundant in chloroplasts

adaptations of xylem

made of dead cells, thick cell walls

adaptations of phloem

companion cells that have many mitochondria

what are chromosomes

structures made of DNA

what is mitosis

process where DNA replicates to form two identical daughter cells

what are stem cells

unspecialised cells that can differentiate into any type of cell

what is the meristem

growth region in plants where cell division occurs