peds rotation prep

infants should regain their bw by

10-14d

baby should double their weight by

4-6m

baby should triple their weight by

1y

start solids @

4mo for formula fed

6mo for breast fed

yellow-orange tint from vegetables

carotenemia

foods avoided until 1yr

honey

cows milk

vit d supplementation

1st week of life for BF

always for preterm

fe supplementation

4mo for BF

always for preterm in 1st wk of life

pacifiers should be stopped at what month max

24mo

teething starts

4-9mo

RF of hip dysplasia

female

breeched

first born

+fhx of oligohydramnios

screenings for hip dysplasia

PE checks until walking age

US 4-6wks if + RF

DHD is m/c on

left side slightly

tx DHD <6mo

Pavlik harness

pavlik harness is CI in

spina bifida

bc normal muscle function is needed

tx DMD >6mo-18mo

closed reduction

+

spica casting

tx DMD >2y

open reduction and casting / osteotomy

Ccx of DMD

avascular necrosis

transient femoral nerv palsy

recurrence

avoid ibuprofen under

6mo of age

rectal temp that must be sent to ED for <3mo infant

100

erythema toxicum rash

red blotch w/ small white pimple

appears first days of life and resolves spontaneusly

sebaceous hyperplasia

little whiteheads on nose and upper lip

due to androgens inutero

resolves spont.

milia

white papules from keratin retention

forehead,cheeks, nose

disappears spont.

milia rubra

heat rash from sweat gland obstruction

avoid overheating/overdressing

miliaria crystallinas

sweat grand obstruction in epidermis

neonatal acne

first 2-4wks of life

papules and pustules (NO COMEDOMES)

infantile acne

2-4m of life

open + closed comodomes

infantile acne tx

topical retinoids

benzoyl peroxine

severe = PO erythromycibn

erythgema toxicum neonaorum

first days of life

small pink pustules

transient neonatal pustular melanosis

present at birth

hyperpigmented macules

persists for months

cutis marmorata

from cold skin response

port-wine stains

purple --> nodular surface (when progresses to adult)

tx w/ pulse dye laser

port wine stains r due to

capillary malformation due to dilated dermal capularies

associated w/ sturge-weber

sturge weber triad

facial port wine stain

brain angiomas

ocular involvement (glaucoma)

mongolian spots are aka

congenital dermal melanocytosis

mongolian spots are m/c in and disappear when

east asians and indians

first few yrs of life

tanner stage 1

no pubic hear

papillae elevation only

<3ml of testicular volume

tanner stage 2

<3ml testicular vol.

change in scrotal texture

sparse hair growth

breast buds

tanner stage 3

inc penis and testicular size

darker coarse hair

breast and areola enlarge

tanner stage 4

development of glans penis

adult hair

projection of areola and papila

tanner stage 5

adult size + shape

hair goes to thighs

areola goes back to contour of breast, papila projection only

turner syndrome sx

hypogonadism

shield chest

short stature

webbed necked

turner syndrome cardio manifestations

coarctation of aorta

bicuspid aortic valve

turner syndrome endocrine manifestation

osteoporosis / fractures

primary hypogonadism (low estrogen, high FSH/LH)

turnersyndrome affects what

X monosomy (XO)

45

klinefelter affects what

45

XXY

klinfelter syndrome sx

primary hypogonadism (small testes, gynecomastia)

tall stature

delayed puberty

fragile x sx

large ears

macroorchidism

prominent forehead and chin

brushfield spots

white grey brown spots on iris

seen in trisomy 21

trisomy 21 is at risk of

AV septal defects

sandal gap deformity

wide space between 1st and 2nd toe

in trisomy 21

ehler's danlos sx

hyperextensibility

hypoermobility

smooth velvety skin

slowed healing

marfans sx

tall stature

long lanky arms, legs

ectopia lentis

neuroblastomas

cross midline

rapid eye movements and myoclonus

"racoon" eyes

pt allergic to yeast

avoid hep B

b for bread

pt allergic to gelatin

avoid varicella and flu vax

pt allergic to aminoglycosides (neomycin,streptomycin)

avoid MMR

ianctivated polio

pregnancy is CI in which vax

live vaccines

MMR,varicella, polio, spray flu

roseola

HHV6

fever --> rash appears

rubella

prodrome then rash on face --> trunk

congenital rubella -->

cataracts

hearing loss

blueberry muffin rash

forchheimer sign

soft palate petechiae

in rubella

measles / rubeola

cough, coryza, conjunctiviitis

koplik spots

gray papules on mucosa

seen in measles

parvovirus

fifths disease / slapped cheak rash

VZV

Macules/papules --> crusted erosion crops

herpes zoster / shingles

groupled vesicles on a erythematous base

dermatomal distribution

coxsackie

maculopapular vesicular rash in

hands feet , oral ulcers

palmar plantar desquamation wks later

nail dystrophy 1-2m later

pitryiasis rosea

herald patch (single patDch)

-->

pink papules on trunk (xmas tree)

molluscum contagiosum

aka warts D

resolves 6-18 mo

URI

cough, congestion

tx w/ hydration, saline

croup m/c from

parainfluenza

RSV

OM m/c from

s. pneumo

s.pyogenes

hflu

m. catarralis

viral infxns

tx OM

amox

if recurrent

augmentin

criteria for tube insertion

>3episodes within 6mo

m/c causes of OE

s. aureus

pseudomonas

s. epidermis

tx sinusitis

<7d = supportive

>10-14 give augmentin

bacterial conjunctivitis

U/L gross purulent

tx w/ topical abx

viral conjunctivitis

super red, tearing

m/c

dont treat

allergic rhinitis

B/L erythema

watery d/c

itching

tx w/ topical antihistamine

primary teeth come in at

6mo