9A Cellular Respiration II - Pyruvate Oxidation and Citric Acid Cycle

What is the process of cellular respiration primarily breaking down glucose into?

CO2 and water through transferring H+ and electrons to O2.

What are the main products of glycolysis?

2 Pyruvate (3C), 2 ATP, and 2 NADH.

Where does pyruvate oxidation occur?

In the mitochondrial matrix.

What are the products of pyruvate oxidation?

CO2, NADH, and Acetyl-CoA (2C, high energy).

What compound is formed when a 2C compound binds to coenzyme A?

Acetyl-CoA.

What happens to Acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle?

It combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate and undergoes a series of reactions that produce CO2 and electron carriers.

What is the function of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?

They shuttle electrons and protons to the electron transport chain.

What is the final stage of cellular respiration?

Oxidative phosphorylation, which includes the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.

What does substrate-level phosphorylation produce during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

ATP.

What are the main electron carriers involved in cellular respiration?

NAD+ and FAD.

How many CO2 molecules are released during the citric acid cycle for each Acetyl-CoA?

Two CO2 molecules are released.