chapter 4: a&p (tissues)

Tissue

Group of cells within a body that hare an embryonic origin

Histology

Study of tissue appearance, organization, and function

Epithelial Tissue

Sheets covering surfaces or lining cavities

Connective Tissue

Binds cells and organs, provides support and protection

Muscle Tissue

Excitable tissue responding to stimuli and contracting

Nervous Tissue

Excitable tissue propagating electrochemical signals

Simple Squamous

Single layer, found in endothelium and mesothelium (lungs, kidneys, capillary)

Simple Cuboidal

Single layer, for secretion and absorption (kidney, glands)

Simple Columnar

Single layer, for absorption and secretion (airway, gi tract)

Stratified Squamous

Multiple layers, common in skin and mouth

Pseudostratified

Single layer with varying cell heights, found in testes and airways

Gland

Cells producing and secreting specific products

Endocrine Glands

Ductless glands secreting hormones directly into tissues

Exocrine Glands

Glands with ducts leading to the epithelial surface

Merocrine

Secretion method where vesicles are emptied into the extracellular space

Apocrine

Release method where a portion of the cell is released

Holocrine

Release method where the cell ruptures and is destroyed

Loose Connective Tissue

Includes adipose, reticular, and areolar tissues

Dense Connective Tissue

Includes regular, irregular, and elastic tissues

Cartilage

Supportive connective tissue with types like hyaline, fibro, and elastic

Bone

Connective tissue with collagen fibers embedded in hydroxyapatite

Skeletal Muscle

Voluntary muscle attached to bones for motion

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary muscle in the heart walls

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary muscle for internal organ movements

Neuron

Nervous tissue cell propagating electrochemical signals

Neuroglia

Support cells for neurons in nervous tissue

Cutaneous Membrane

Skin with keratinized epidermis attached to dermis

Mucous Membrane

Lines body cavities open to the outside, adapted for absorption

Serous Membrane

Lines closed ventral body cavities, with visceral and parietal layers

Regeneration

Replacement of destroyed tissue with correct tissue type

Fibrosis

Replacement of destroyed tissue with scar tissue