Lecture Exam Five (15.1 General Properties of the Autonomic Nervous System)

This division of the nervous system can be narrowly defined as a motor nervous system that controls glands, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle

Autonomic nervous system

True or False : Visceral effectors depend on the autonomic nervous system to function

False

This occurs if the somatic nerves to a skeletal muscle are severed

Flaccid paralysis

This occurs if the autonomic nerves to cardiac or smooth muscle are severed

Denervation hypersensitivity (exaggerated responses)

These are the three subsystems within the autonomic nervous system

(1) Sympathetic division

(2) Parasympathetic division

(3) Enteric plexus

This subsystem of the autonomic nervous system adapts the body in many ways for physical activity

Sympathetic division

This subsystem of the autonomic nervous system has a calming effect on many of our body functions

Parasympathetic division

This subsystem of the autonomic nervous system is associated with reduces energy expenditure and normal bodily maintenance

Parasympathetic division

True or False : Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system are active simultaneously and exhibit a background rate of activity called autonomic tone

True

This divisions of the autonomic nervous system keeps our resting heart rate around 70 to 80 heart beats per minute

Parasympathetic division

This divisions of the autonomic nervous system keeps our blood vessels partially constricted and thus maintains blood pressure

Sympathetic division

In _________ pathways, a motor neuron in the brainstem or spinal cord issues a myelinated fiber that reaches all the way to a skeletal muscle. In _____________ pathways, the signal travels across two neurons to get to the target organ.

somatic, autonomic

The axon of a preganglionic fiber extends from the brainstem or spinal cord too this structure outside of the central nervous system

Autonomic ganglion

Once a preganglionic fiber reaches the autonomic ganglion, it secretes this neurotransmitter to excite the postganglionic fiber

Acetylcholine

Autonomic _____________ fibers are lightly myelinated and the ____________ fibers are unmyelinated

preganglionic, postganglionic

Autonomic postganglionic fibers end in these beadlike chains rather than one-to-one synapses

Varicosities