The Second Industrial Revolution and the Gilded Age

These flashcards cover key concepts, events, and themes related to the Second Industrial Revolution and the Gilded Age.

What factors contributed to the economic growth in the U.S. during the Second Industrial Revolution?

Abundant natural resources, growing labor supply, national markets for manufactured goods, availability of capital, and an active federal government.

What role did railroads play in the national market during the Second Industrial Revolution?

Railroads funded by private and government money facilitated national brands and retail chains.

Name two inventions contributed by Thomas Edison.

Phonograph and light bulb.

What is the difference between vertical and horizontal integration?

Vertical integration involves owning every step of production; horizontal integration involves buying out competing companies.

What were some social issues faced by workers during the Gilded Age?

Unequal wealth distribution, no worker protections, high injury rates, and a large wealth gap.

What was the purpose of the Dawes Act of 1887 regarding Native Americans?

To break tribal lands into private family plots and promote assimilation.

What did the Ghost Dance movement call for?

An end to white expansion and the return of buffalo.

What was the Granger Movement focused on?

Uniting farmers and merchants to fight high shipping rates and railroad abuses.

What were the political divisions between Democrats and Republicans during the Gilded Age?

Democrats were mainly in the South and opposed high tariffs, while Republicans were in the North and favored high tariffs.

What is the significance of muckraking photographers like Jacob Riis?

They exposed the living conditions of slums and immigrant life, raising awareness of social issues.