Roman Art and Archaeology: Week 6

programmatic

creates constant visual vocabulary legible to all inside the empire, across a range of media and locations

Octavian/Augustus

adoptive son of Julius Caesar; Emperor Ruler of Rome from 27 BCE to 14 CE; Octavian changes name/title to Augustus in 27 BCE

deus vs dvius

dues = “God” vs. dvius = “divine"/god-like”

apotheosis

the elevation of a dead emperor to divine honors among the gods

obelisk

tall stone pillar

Res Gestae

biography/accomplishments of Augustus inscribed outside the Mausoleum of Augustus (Campus Martius)

Livia

wife of Augustus

nodus

off-the-face bun hairstyle

Gaius and Lucius Caesar

grandsons and heirs of Augustus

Villa Primaporta

Villa of Livia with cool gardens and stuff

marmora

marble and other hard, decorative stones

carrara marble

pwetty and stwong italian marble

caryatid

a stone carving of a draped female figure used as a pillar in architecture

summi viri

“highest man”

elogium

funerary oration

Fig. 6-2A Bearded head of Octavian, from the cryptoporticus of the forum, Arles, France, ca. 37–31 BCE. Marble

Fig. 6-3 Apotheosis of Caesar, Belvedere Altar, from the Palatine Hill, Rome, ca. 12–2 BCE

Fig. 6-14 West facade of the Ara Pacis Augustae (Altar of Augustan Peace), Rome, 13–9 BCE

Fig. 6-17 Procession of the imperial family, detail of the south frieze of the Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, 13–9 BCE. Marble

Fig. 6-9 Augustus as pontifex maximus, from Via Labicana, Rome, after 12 BCE. Marble

Fig. 6-12 Bust of Livia, from Arsinoe, Egypt, early first century CE Marble

Fig. 6-13A Head of the heroic statue of Gaius Caesar, from the Julian Basilica, Corinth, Greece, early first century CE. Marble

Fig. 6-14C Acanthus scroll decoration, lower zone of the west facade of the Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, 13–9 BCE

Fig. 6-15 Aeneas(?) sacrificing, panel on the west facade of the Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, 13–9 BCE. Marble

Fig. 6-16 Tellus(?), panel on the east facade of the Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, 13–9 bce. Marble

Fig. 6-6 Plan of the Forum Augustum, Rome, begun ca. 27 BCE, dedicated 2 BCE. (1) Temple of Mars Ultor, (2) exedra, (3) portico

Fig. 6-8A Caryatid, from the attic of the portico of the Forum Augustum (fig. 6-6), Rome, dedicated 2 BCE. Marble

Fig. 6-1 Augustus as imperator, from the Villa of Livia, Primaporta, early-first-century CE copy of a bronze original of ca. 20 BCE, Marble

Fig. 6-7 Temple of Mars Ultor (looking north), Forum Augustum, Rome, dedicated 2 bce