Allotropes of carbon

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9 Terms

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allotrope

different structural form of the same element in the same physical state

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properties of diamond

  • colourless

  • transparent

  • lustrous

  • extremely hard

  • insoluble

  • does not conduct electricity

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Why does diamond not conduct electricity?

every atom in diamond is bonded to other atoms by four strong covalent bonds, so no free electrons + no ions

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properties of graphite

  • black

  • shiny

  • opaque

  • slippery

  • high melting point

  • good conductor of electricity

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Why is graphite a good conductor of electricity?

  • each carbon atom is bonded with three strong covalent bonds, leaving each atom with spare electron, forming a delocalised ‘sea’ of electrons together

    • delocalised electrons can all move along together therefore carry charge

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properties of graphenes

  • very high melting point

  • very strong

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graphene

single layer of graphite

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How many carbon atoms are in Buckminsterfullerene?

60

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Why does Buckminsterfullerene have a low meltingp point?

  • weak intermolecular forces between molecules needing little energy to overcome