joint motions

Flexion

Reduces the angle of a joint

Extension

Increases the angle of a joint

Adduction

brings the limb or part closer to the body

Abduction

takes the limb or part farther away from the body

Rotation

pivoting motion

Circumduction

moving limb or part in a circle

Dorsiflexion

specific to the foot. Moving the foot/toes downward away from the tibia (pointing the toes)

Supination

Palms up

pronation

palms down

hyper

too much of that motion

hypo

not enough of that motion

lateral-flexion

specific to the trunk/spine: side-bending

inversion

turning the bottom of the foot inward

eversion

turning the bottom of the foot outward

retraction

shoulder movement backward

protraction

shoulder movement forward

elevation

lifting motion

depression

lowering motion

excursion

side to side jaw motion

superior rotation/ inferior rotation

scapula glides across ribs as you life your arm

opposition

thumb position that provides grip