Human Anatomy and Physiology HESIA2 Test 1

Flashcards covering key concepts in human anatomy and physiology from the lecture notes.

Where does digestion begin in the alimentary canal?

Oral cavity

Which organelle is responsible for regulating the transport of substances in and out of the cell?

Cell membrane

What type of cancer is identified using the ABCDE method?

Melanoma

Where is the popliteal artery located?

Behind the knee

What is the purpose of gastric mucous?

To protect the stomach lining from acid and digestive enzymes.

Which bones form via intramembranous ossification?

The flat bones of the skull, the mandible, and clavicles.

A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of .

extensive bleeding

What does the presence of antidiuretic hormone stimulate?

Water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate.

Which male reproductive organ is also part of the urinary system?

Urethra

What occurs when a ligament is stretched or torn?

A sprain.

What is erythropoiesis and where does it occur?

The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow.

The shoulder is an example of which type of synovial joint?

Ball-and-socket.

The carpals articulate with which two bones?

Radius and ulna.

What is the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system?

Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena cava, right atrium.

What best describes the anatomical position?

Standing upright, facing the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and palms facing anteriorly.

Which muscle is located towards the outer side of the leg?

Vastus lateralis.

A patient on a plant-based diet with yellowish skin likely consumed a large amount of .

Carrots.

Which organelles are abundant in leukocytes?

Lysosomes.

What is defined as 'a group of similar cells and their intercellular matrix that carry out a specific function together'?

Tissues.

Which glands secrete earwax?

Ceruminous glands.

What is the function of endocrine glands?

They secrete hormones directly into the blood.

Which is not a bone of the lower extremities?

Ulna.

What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?

Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down.

What is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration that can lead to muscular fatigue?

Lactic acid.

Where are the internal reproductive organs located?

Pelvic region.