3.1.3.7 forces between molecules

What is the difference between covalent bonds and intermolecular forces

C.b are bonds between a toms

I.f are attraction between molecules

Dipole dipole forces act between molecules that have

Permanent dipole

Dipole dipole is stronger than

Vandwerwaal

What is the most common i.f

Van dear walls

How do temopoary dipoles form

At any moment the electrons can be anywhere and so the distribution of charge is changing at any instant

A temporary dipole is formed it only happens for a moment but there always is one

As electron distribution changes it will induce new dipoles in atoms around it

How do van der waals occur

Caused by changing position of electron

So the more electrons thee larger the inatntsous dipole is

What are the 3 eemtnts that must be present for hydrogen bond to occur

N nitrogen

O oxygen

F fluorine

One of them also must have a lone pair of electrons

Hydrogen bond is stronger than bu weaker than

Stronger then dipole dipole

But still weaker than covalent bond

Describe the hydrogen bonding in water

What do you have to make sure the hydrogen bond is

Linear

What is the importance of hydrogen bonding in the low density of ice

In water the hydrogen bonds break and reform easily when water freezes the wate molecules no longer free to move about

Hydrogen bonds hold molecules in fixed positions to give it 3d shape

In order to fit into this the molecules are less close together so LESS DENSE