Studied by 1 person
rxn for COLD DILUTE NaOH
2NaOH + Cl2 -> NaCl + NaClO + H2O
rxn for HOT concentrated NaOH with chlorine
6NaOH + 3Cl2 -> 5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O
rxn for sodium oxide + water
Na2O + H2O -> NaOH
rxn for sodium oxide + hydrochloric acid
Na2O + 2HCl -> 2NaCl + H2O
rxn for magnesium oxide + water
MgO + H2O -> Mg(OH)2
rxn for magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid
MgO + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O
rxn for aluminium oxide + water
Al2O3 + H2O -> NO REACTION
rxn for aluminium Oxide + hydrochloric acid
Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
rxn for aluminium oxide + sodium hydroxide + water
Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O -> 2NaAl(OH)4
rxn for silicon dioxide + water
SiO2 + H20 -> NO REACTION
rxn for silicon dioxide + sodium hydroxide
SiO2 + 2NaOH -> NaSiO3 + H2O ← HOT NaOH
rxn for phosphorus oxide + water
P4O10 + 6H2O -> 4H3PO4
rxn for phosphorous oxide + sodium hydroxide
P4O10 + 12NaOH -> 4Na3PO4 + 6H2O
rxn for sulfur dioxide + water
SO2 + H2O -> H2SO3 (sulfurous acid)
rxn for sulfur dioxide + sodium hydroxide
SO2 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO3 + H2O
rxn for sodium sulfite + water + sodium dioxide
NaSO3 + H2O + SO2 -> 2NaHSO3
rxn for calcium oxide + sulfur dioxide
CaO + SO2 -> CaSO3
rxn for formation of hydrated calcium sulfate
CaO + SO2 + 2H2O + ½O2 -> CaSO4.2H2O
rxn for calcium carbonate + sulfur dioxide
CaCO3 + SO2 -> CaSO3 + CO2
rxn for calcium hydroxide + sulfur dioxide
Ca(OH)2 + SO2 -> CaSO3 + H2O
rxn formation of calcium sulfate
CaO + ½O2 + SO2 -> CaSO4
rxn for sodium and chlorine
with state symbols
2Na(s) + Cl2(g) -> 2NaCl(s)
rxn for magnesium + chlorine
with state symbols
Mg(s) + Cl2(g) -> MgCl2(s)
rxn for formation aluminium chloride (dimer)
with state symbols
2Al(s) + 3Cl2(g) -> Al2Cl6(s)
Si(s) + 2Cl2(g) -> SiCl4(l)
2P(s) + 5Cl2(g) -> PCl5(s)
Al2Cl6 + 12H2O -> 2[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 6Cl-
SiCl4 + 2H2O -> SiO2 + 4HCl
PCl5 + 4H2O -> H3PO4 + 5HCl
2M(s) + O2 -> 2MO (M = metal)
Mg(s) + 2H2O -> Mg(OH)2 + H2 (cold)
Mg(s) + H2O -> MgO + H2 (hot)
M(s) + 2H2O -> M(OH)2 + H2 ← M = Ca, Sr, Ba
M(s) + H2SO4 -> MSO4 + H2 ← M = metal
M(s) + 2H+ -> M2+ + H2 ← M = metal
MgO + H2O -> Mg(OH)2 ← pH 9
CaO + H2O -> Ca(OH)2 ← pH 11-13
MO + H2O -> M(OH)2 ← pH 12-14 - M = Sr, Ba, Ra
M(s) + H2SO4 -> MSO4 + H2 ← M = metal
M(s) + 2H+ -> M2+ + H2 ← M = metal
MO + H2SO4 -> MSO4 + H2O ← M = metal
MO + 2H+ -> M2+ + H2O ← M = metal
M(OH)2 + H2SO4 -> MSO4 + 2H2O ← M = metal
M(OH)2 + 2H+ -> M2+ + 2H2O ← M = metal
CO2 + H2O + CaCO3 -> Ca(HCO3)2
Ca(HCO3)2 -> CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O ← thermal decomposition
MgCO3 + HNO3 -> Mg(NO3)2 + CO2 + H2O
MgCO3 + 2H+ -> Mg2+ + CO2 + H2O
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 -> CaCO3 + H2O
M(NO3)2 -> MO + 2NO2 + ½O2 ← thermal decomposition← M = Mg/Ca/Sr/Ba← brown gas, solid melts
MCO3 -> MO + CO2
Cl2 + H2O -> HCl + HOCl
Br2 + H2O -> HBr + HOBr
H2 + Cl2 -> 2HCl <-- in UV light
H2 + Br2 -> 2HBr <-- heat gently
H2 + I2 -> 2HI <-- heat
NH3(g) + HCl(g) -> NH4Cl(s)
NaCl + H2SO4 -> HCl + NaHSO4 ← conc H2SO4
2NaCl + H2SO4 -> 2HCl + Na2SO4 ← conc H2SO4
NaBr + H2SO4 -> HBr + NaHSO4 ← conc H2SO4
HBr + H2SO4 -> Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O ← bromide=stronger reducing agent
NaI + H2SO4 -> HI + NaHSO4 ← conc H2SO4
HI + H2SO4 -> I2 + SO2 + 2H2O ← iodide=stronger reducing agent
6HI + H2SO4 -> 3I2 + S + 4H2O
8HI + H2SO4 -> 4I2 + H2S + 4H2O
2Cl2 + 2H2O -> 4HCl + O2
ALKANE + excess O2 -> CO2 + H2O
Type: Complete combustion
ALKANE + limited O2 -> CO/C + H2O
Type: incomplete combustion
ALKANE + Cl2/Br2 -> HALOGENOALKANE
Type: homolytic free radical substitution
Condition: UV light
ALKENE + H2 -> ALKANE
Type: electrophilic addition
Conditions: 150C + Ni catalyst
ALKENE + Cl2/Br2 -> DI-HALOGENOALKANE
Type: electrophilic addition
Conditions: room temp
ALKENE + HX(g) -> HALOGENOALKANE
Type: electrophilic addition
Conditions: room temp
ALKENE + KMnO4/H2SO4 -> DIOL
Type: oxidation/redox/addition
Conditions: room temp
electrophilic addition of steam to an alkene, H2O(g) and H3PO4 catalyst
give conditions
ALKENE + STEAM -> alcohol
Conditions: 300C, 60 ATM, H3PO4
LOTS OF ALKENE -> ADDITION POLYMER
Type: Addition polymerisation
Conditions: Very high pressure
HALOGENOALKANE + NaOH(aq) -> ALCOHOL + Na+X-
Type: nucleophilic substitution
Conditions: NaOH(aq) + heat under reflux
HALOGENOALKANE + NaOH(ethanolic) -> Alkene
Type: elimination
Conditions: NaOH(ethanolic) + heat under reflux
HALOGENOALKANE + conc. NH3 -> AMINE
Type: nucleophilic substitution
Condition: Ethanolic solution of ammonia + heat in sealed tube/under high pressure
HALOGENOALKANE + HCN -> NITRILE
Type: nucleophilic substitution
Condition: KCN dissolved in ethanol + heat under reflux
PRIMARY ALCOHOL -> ALDEHYDE
Type: oxidation/redox
Conditions: K2CrO7/H2SO4, distill
PRIMARY ALCOHOL -> CARBOXYLIC ACID
Type: oxidation/redox
Conditions: K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 + heat under reflux
SECONDARY ALCOHOL -> KETONE
Type: oxidation/redox
Conditions: K2Cr2O7 + heat under reflux
ALCOHOL -> ALKENE
Type: dehydration
Conc. H3PO4/AL2O3/H2SO4
ALDEHYDE -> CARBOXYLIC ACID
Type: oxidation/redox
Conditions: K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 + heat under reflux
ALDEHYDE -> PRIMARY ALCOHOL
Type: reduction
Conditions: LiAlH4 (dry ether) or NaBH4(aq)
KETONE -> SECONDARY ALCOHOL
Type: reduction
Conditions: LiAlH4 (dry ether) or NaBH4(aq)
ALDEHYDE/KETONE -> HYDROXYNITRILE
Type: nucleophilic substitution
Conditions: KCN + H2SO4 + heat under reflux
ALDEHYDE -> CARBOXYLIC ACID with Tollens’ reagent
Type: redox
Conditions: AgNO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) then add NH3(aq)
rxn for oxidation of aldehyde to carboxylic acid
give type and conditions
ALDEHYDE -> CARBOXYLIC ACID with Fehling’s solution
Type: redox
Conditions: Fehling’s solution
rxn for nucleophilic addition-elimination
ALDEHYDE/KETONE -> HYDRAZONE
Conditions: 2,4-DNPH
rxn for iodoform test
and conditions needed
METHYL KETONE/SECONDARY ALCOHOL, ETHANAL, ETHANOL, PROPAN-2-OL -> iodoform/triiodomethane + sodium carboxylate
Conditions: I2(aq) + NaOH(aq)
rxn for formation of amine
NITRILE + Na + ETHANOL -> AMINE
Type: reduction
rxn for acid hydrolysis of nitrile
NITRILE + dilute HCl(aq) -> CARBOXYLIC ACID
rxn for alkaline hydrolysis of nitrile
NITRILE + dilute NaOH(aq) -> CARBOXYLIC ACID SALT
rxn for carboxylic acid + sodium
give type and conditions
CARBOXYLIC ACID + Na(s) -> CARBOXYLIC ACID SALT
Type: redox
Conditions: dry conditions
rxn for carboxylic acid + base
and list the type of reaction
CARBOXYLIC ACID + BASE -> CARBOXYLIC ACID SALT
Type: neutralization
rxn for carboxylic acid + metal carbonate
give type and observation
CARBOXYLIC ACID + METAL CARBONATE -> CARBOXYLIC ACID SALT
Type: neutralization
Effervescence
rxn for formation of primary alcohols
and state the type of reaction and the conditions
CARBOXYLIC ACID + LiAlH4 -> PRIMARY ALCOHOL
Type: reduction
Conditions: LiAlH4 should be In dry ether
rxn for esterification
give conditions as well
CARBOXYLIC ACID + ALCOHOL -> ESTER
Conditions: Conc H2SO4 catalyst
Note 
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