Holocaust Test

What is the Nazis political ideology?

Fascism

Year and name of the largest piece of Nazi racial policy?

Sept 15th, 1935 - Nuremberg Laws

Who is this man?

Joseph Goebbels

What are the 4 pillars of Nazi Ideology

Race Theory

Lebensraum

AntiSemitism

Anti-Bolshevism

Who is Hitlers propaganda minister?

Joseph Goebbels

The date and event putting Final Solution in action

Jan 20th 1942 - Wannsee Conference

Name 3 Holocaust survivors

David Korn, Eva lang, Rene Goldlang, Fischel Golding, Primo Levi…

Name 3 Killing Centers

Treblinka, Belzec, Auschwitz, Sobibor, chelmno, and Majdanek

Which nations killed Jews before the Nazi Germany implemented the Final Solution?

Romania and Croatia

Where did the Nazis borrowed eugenic policies?

USA and Sweden

What is the Nazis first extermination campaign?

T4 program —killing undesirable Aryans by Carbon Monoxide

What does “Pogrom” mean?

Public assault on Jews — typically including murder

Nazi units who dedicates to murdering Jews in Operation Barbarossa

Einsatzgruppen

Where are the killing centers and concentration camps located?

Killing Centers — Poland

Concentration Camps — German occupied territories

What is the name of the honour granted those Gentiles who rescued Jews?

R.A.T.N. — Righteous Among The Nation

A phrase used to describe, how murder and in deference become common place throughout the Holocaust

Normalization of Evil / Banality of Evil

Process of removing Jews from homes to designated areas/regions

Ghettoization

Well known Holocaust Trials

Nuremberg Trials

What is the other official start of Holocaust which saw millions of citizens join in persecution of Jews?

Nov 9th, 1938 November pogrom/ Kristallnacht

Locations of where traditional antisemitism was prominent

Rome, Spain, Uk, France, and majority of Europe

What are some myths / stereotypes against Jews?

Scheming, Greedy, crucifixion of Jesus, Blood Libel, Black Plague…

The shift of the German Government

Kaiser Wilhelm II: Monarchy → Weimar Republic: Democracy → Nazi Germany: Fascism

Some ways of the Treaty of Versailles punished Germany

• Military limitations: decreased of military, demilitarized of Rhine land

• War Guilt Clause: Forced; sole responsibility for the war, and losses

• Wasn’t allowed to join the League of Nations

• Had to pay reparations for the war

One word to describe Germany’s economy after ww1

Hyperinflation

Hitlers first attempt to seize power, which resulted to…

Munich Beer Hall Putsch 1923, and 8 months in jail

Hitlers book and what it’s about

Mein Kampf — about antisemitism, anti-communism, Racial Hierarchy: believing Aryans are superior race, and German Nationalism

Which non-Jews groups who were targeted?

Homosexual, Roma/Senti, Jehovah’s Witnesses, undesirables, politicians…

Who issued the the Pogrom?

Reinhard Heydrich gives the orders in response to Herschel Grynszpan assassination of Ernst Vom Rath in Paris

Who is this man?

Reinhard Heydrich

Nazi Party Strategies 20s - 30s

Brown shirts: use to intimidate, Hitler Youth, Propaganda using Weimar Republic failures

Anyone who did not fall within a specific policy, but was undesirable, which were called the…

Asocials

What is Traditional Antisemitism?

Discrimination against Jews about religion and culture.

What is Nazi Antisemitism?

• Believe Jews are conspiring

• Viewed Jews as a race at the bottom

• Believed that they were Subhuman

What is the difference between Traditional and Nazi Antisemitism?

Traditional = Culture Vs Nazi = Blood

What are 3 places where Jews were deported to?

Concentration camps, Ghettos, and killing centers

What are the 3 criteria necessary for to be honoured Righteous Among The Nation

• The risk undertaken by the rescuer

• The rescuer motivation

• Verification of survivor

Intentionalist Vs Functionalist

Believing they intended to murder the Jews of Europe from the beginning.

Believing the decision to murder Jews was a product of the war.

What is a Liquidation?

Deportation to killing centers or mass shootings of Jews

Concentration Camps Vs Killing centers

Concentration Camps:

• Imprisonment, forced labour of Jews, Roma, Homosexuals, and Undesirables

Killing Centers:

• Exclusively killing Jews

What is a Partisan?

A member of an armed resistance group formed to fight secretly, against an occupying force

What are some non-violent resistance?

• Photography

• Continuing education

• Maintaining faith—by celebrating

• Refusing to cooperate

What are some violent resistance?

• Blowing up railroads

• Saving Jews while killing Nazis

• Killing Heydrich

• Bielski Brothers: Tuvia, Zus, & Asael

3 forms of rescuing Jews

• Providing shelter

• False I.D & documents

• Transporting them out of the country

Why was it hard to get justice against the persecutors?

• Most of them escaped

• The highest ranked are all dead

• They’re too many persecutors

Some ways the Nazis and collaborators avoided punishment?

• Suicide

• Ratlines — escaped to South America

• Some were recruited by USA Government (C.I.A.)

Who is this man?

Adult Hitler

Who is this man?

Hermann Goring

Who is this man?

Heinrich Himmler

Countries who liberated concentration camps

USA, Canada, UK, USSR

Who are these couples?

Jan and Antonina

When and what is this event?

Kristallnacht — November 9th 1938

What military event, year, and para-military unit brought on the beginning of systematically killing Jews?

Operation Barbarossa, Einsatzgruppen, June 22, 1941

Describe the average Einsatzgruppen commander

• Aryan

• Antisemetic

• Well-educated

• Loyal

What is “Normalization of Evil”?

That the persecution of Jews went for so long it became “normal”, that they are numb to it, calling it “boring”

When and why was liberation complex?

VE Day, may 8th 1945 — Although they were free, they had lost their family, homes, and belongings, and unsure how to start over

When did the Holocaust Start and Ended?

Jan 1933 - May 1945

What were some choices survivors would have to make after liberation?

• Find home

• Rebuild

• Start family

• Money

• Emigrate to Palestine

When did ghettoization began?

October 1939

Who are included in decision to begin extermination?

• Hitler

• Himmler

• Heydrich

When was the nation of Israel declared?

May 14th, 1948

Where and what is this?

Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe In Berlin, Germany