Nutrition for pets final

the primary function of vitamin D is controlling the levels of ———- in the body, which is important for the physiology of bone, muscle and nervous system.

calcium

the two forms of starch found abundantly in plants are ——— and amylopectin.

amylose

the ——- are the basic units of fats.

fatty acids

the ——— are the main storage form of fats in the body.

triglycerides

Protein digestion is initiated by the action of a protease called ——- in stomach of waning puppies.

pepsin

The basic units of protein are —————, which have carboxylic acid and amine groups in their structure.

amino acids

Digestible energy is calculated by subtracting the ——- energy form total energy intake.

fecal

During the process of reparation in the cell, the ——- water is formed, which is the minor source of water for animals.

metabolic

The feces and ——- together are the greatest source of water loss form animals body.

urine

The buildup of water in body tissues is called—— which may cause kidney or heart strength failure.

hydropsy

T/F Fat-souble vitamins can be stored in the liver and used when animals need them.

T

T/F Water-Soluble vitamins can be stored in the body and in high- concentrations they may be toxic.

F

T/F Glucose is a simple carbohydrate, which is the most important nutrient for animals after water and oxygen.

T

T/F Cellulose is a linear structure of fatty acids units connected by beta-1,4 linkages

F

T/F Sterols are a group of fats that are not based on fatty acids and can make the structure of corticosteroid hormones.

T

T/F The more number of double bonds in the structure of fatty acids, the more water insoluble (solid) they become.

F

T/F The flexibility seen in skin and ligaments is because of keratin.

F

T/F The amount of water consumption is highly correlated with feed (energy) consumption in animals.

T

T/F Loss of 5-10% of body water causes mild dehydration.

F

T/F the basal metabolic rate is measured when animals are sleeping.

F

Which of the following enzymes is used in the gastrointestinal tract of animals to digest dietary starch?

Amylase and Amylopectinase

The major fiber carbohydrates of plants include…

Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin

Which of the following is true about the “role of glucose in animal physiology”?

Glucose can be converted to glycogen in the liver and muscle.

Glucose can be the precursor of DNA and RNA.

Glucose can make amino acids a hence proteins.

Which of the following is NOT true about the “use of lignin in animal nutrition”?

Lignin is used to increase the energy density of food

The major fiber carbohydrates in plants include ———-, cellulose and lignin.

Hemicellulose

If animals consume high level of dietary ———, their body will convert them to proteins, fats and glycogen.

Minerals, Vitamins, Carbohydrates

Which of the following is under the category of complex fats?

Phospholipids

The triacylglycerols (triglycerides) are made from three ——- and a glycerol backbone.

Fatty acids

Which of the following is considered as a common sterol in the body?

Cholesterol, Sex hormones, Vitamin D

All of the following are correct about chemistry of fats except:

The type of double fat (cis or trans) does not affect the structure and chemistry of fats

The —— are precursors of sex hormones.

Sterols

The —— are known as the primary storage form of fats in animal body.

Triglycerides

The shape and chemical properties of fatty acids are affected by:

the number of double bonds, the number of carbon atoms, the location of double bonds.

The fatty acids chemical properties are not affected by ——— in their structure.

Location of carboxylic group

The polypeptides produced by digestion of ——— in the stomach are degraded to peptides is duodenum by the action of trypsin.

proteins

What is not an essential amino acid

serine

Which of the following proteins is considered as a globular protein?

elastin, collagen, albumin

Which of the following proteins belong to the fibrins family?

Keratins, collagen and elastin

Which of the following vitamins controls the level of calcium in blood plasma?

vitamin D

Which of the following statements is not true about “water- soluble vitamins’?

They are transported by lipoproteins

Vitamin D controls the calcium concentration through:

calcium absorption in gut, calcium release from the bones.

Mineral requirement is a function of:

Life cycle, disease, tissue damage

The Chromium is required for ——— entry into the cells

vitamins

Which of the following minerals is involved in glucose metabolism as part of the glucose transporter structure?

Chromium

Which of the following is the greatest route of water loss for animals under normal activity level?

Feces and urine

in indirect calorimetry heat is calculated by quantifying the amount of ———- consumed:

none of these

The water in animals body is required for

Maintaining the balance of ions across the cell membrane, transportation of nutrients within and among cells, removal of heat and waste products.

Which of the following statements is correct about the use of nutrients for energy?

Carbohydrates enter citric acid cycle and electron transport chain through glycolysis pathway

Basal metabolic rate (BMR) or fasting heat production (FHP) is measured when——-

animals are at rest

Which of the following is not correct about the used energy system s in animal nutrition?

Metabolizable energy = digestible energy- heat loss