Wildlife Damages Midterm

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110 Terms

1

BASH

Bird Air Strike Hazard

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2

How many bird air strikes occur per year, excluding military strikes?

15,000

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3

Where do most bird airstrikes occur?

Airports

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4

What organization is in charge of mitigating bird airstrikes in military settings?

USDA Wildlife Services

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5

What are the top 4 most common species involved in airstrikes?

Mourning Doves, Canada Geese, Starlings, White Tailed Deer

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6

What are some reasons airstrikes may be increasing?

More people flying, successful conservation efforts

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7

IPM

Integrated Pest Management

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8

What are some Strategies for IPM?

Lethal Control, Fear Provoking, Habitat Modification, Monitoring, Reporting, Technology

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9

What gauge of gun is used for Lethal Control with birds?

12 Gauge

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10

Why is lethal control effective when used to help prevent airstrikes?

Effectively uses fear as well as being lethal

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11

Why is lethal control not very effective when managing pest animals?

Animals repopulate quickly, and populations grow faster when there are less animals.

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12

What are some methods of fear-provoking for birds?

Falconry, Propane Cannons

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13

What are some methods of habitat modification to limit bird populations?

Limit standing water, unattractive vegetation

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14

DVC

Deer Vehicle Collisions

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15

What is the most deadly animal in America?

Deer

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16

What states are in the top 3 for DVCs?

West Virginia, Montana, Pennsylvania

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17

What is the most effective mitigation method for animal road collisions?

Animal over and underpasses

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18

If they are the best solution, why are Animal Overpasses/Underpasses so rare?

Cost, Difficult to install in old roads

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19

ROW

Right of Way

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20

LC

Lethal Control

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21

Why is lethal control often ineffective?

Populations grow faster as numbers decrease

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22

LD

Lethal Dose

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23

What is a lethal dose?

Dose that kills >50% of test population

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24

LC

Lethal Concentration

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25

What is lethal concentration?

Lethal dose for a fumigant

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26

How is LD measured?

mg/kg

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27

M44

Sodium Cyanide, used for Coyotes

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28

What are current rodenticides typically based in?

Sodium Nitrate

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29

What are two styles of non-lethal traps for rats and mice?

Sherman Trap, Box/Cage Trap

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30

What is an approved method of animal euthanasia?

CO2 Asphyxiation

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31

What is the largest jaw spread for a leg hold trap allowed on land in GA?

5.75

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32

ADC

Animal Damage Control

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33

What choice that is made when trapping is the most important to limit bycatch?

Trap Size

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34

What is the difference between bait and lures?

Bait is food based, lures are scent based

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35

What recent changes are causing usage of traditional tools for wildlife management to become more restricted?

Public Attitude and Environmental Regulations

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36

What must be true of a control program to avoid scrutiny?

Actions are justified, environmentally safe, and benefit the public.

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37

Wildlife damage control activities must be based on:

sound economic, ecological, and sociological principles

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38

What are the four parts of a wildlife damage control program?

Problem Definition, Ecology of the Problem Species, Control Methods Application, evaluation of control.

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39

Determining the species and numbers of animals causing a problem, the amount of loss, or nature of the conflict, and other biological and social factors.

Problem Definition

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40

Understanding the life history of the species, especially in relation to the conflict.

Ecology of the Problem

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41

 taking the information gained from the problem definition and ecology of the problem to develop an appropriate management program to alleviate or reduce the conflict

Control Methods Application

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42

Allows an assessment of the reduction in damage in relation to costs and impact of the control on target and nontarget populations and the environment.

Evaluation of Control

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43

Emphasis is increasingly being placed on this strategy that combines several control methods and is coordinated with other management practices in use at a given time.

Integrated pest management

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44

What is the Net Value of Wildlife?

All positives minus negatives

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45

What is the primary goal of wildlife damages?

To decrease negative wildlife impacts.

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46

What comprises a damage situation?

An animal causing damage, a human experiencing the damage, and something damaged

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47

IMP

Integrated Pest Management

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48

What federal agency handles wildlife damages?

USDA Wildlife Services

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49

APHIS

Animal Plant Health Inspection Service

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50

What does USDA Wildlife Services Help with in GA

Beavers, Deer, Canada Geese, Hogs, and Disease

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51

BASH

Bird Air Strike Hazard

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52

In what ways can people be injured/killed by animals?

Collisions, Disease, Attacks

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53

What often causes animal attacks?

Ignorance or Alcohol

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54

What animal has NO record of attacks in GA?

Black Bear

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55

What Venomous Snakes are Native to GA?

Copperhead, Pygmy Rattler, Timber Rattler, Cottonmouth, Eastern Diamondback, Coral Snake

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56

What is the only non-pit viper native to GA?

Coral Snake

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57

Conspecifics

Members of the same species that are seen as competition

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58

What is the number one way to mitigate animal attacks?

Education

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59

Reservoir

Pool of individuals with the disease

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60

Vector

Method/Agent of transport

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61

Pathogen

Disease causing agent

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62

Morbidity Rate

Rate of Infection

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63

Mortality Rate

Rate of death

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64

SCWDS

Southeast Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study

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65

CDC

Center for Disease Control

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66

What is the formal name for Rabies?

Rhabdovirus

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67

What bacteria causes plague?

Y. Pestis

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68

What are the three types of plague?

Bubonic, Septicemic, Pneumonic

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69

What is the most common zoonotic disease in the US?

Leptospirosis

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70

What is the common name for Leptospirosis?

Rabbit Fever

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71

A predator that gives chase

Coursing predator

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72

An ambush predator

Stalking Predator

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73

What are three types of ticks that carry disease?

Lone Star, Black Legged, and Deer

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74

Tapetum

reflective layer at back of eyes

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75

Optic Fovea

part of eye that senses movement

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76

LD50

Lethal dose of >50%

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77

How does deer vision compare to humans?

Poor in distance, great with motion.

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78

How does deer hearing compare to humans?

Similar, some higher frequencies.

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79

How does a uga deer fence differ from a traditional deer fence?

Shorter, roof to prevent deer from jumping over, but deer can jump to get out

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80

Where would you find the application instructions for a toxicant?

Label

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81

What is one human health hazard caused by beavers?

Giardia spread by stagnant water

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82

What is the purpose of a castor mound?

to mark territory

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83

What is required to apply pesticides for money in the state of GA?

Commercial Pesticide Applicator’s License

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84

What is the legal requirement for the placement of 330 conibears in GA?

Must be within 10 ft of water

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85

What are some rodenticides?

Sodium Nitrate, Warfarin, Coumadin

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86

What toxicant is being researched for feral hogs?

Sodium Nitrate

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87

What deadly toxicant is used for removing starlings?

DRC1339

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88

What non-lethal toxicant is used to capture Canada Geese?

Alpha Chloralose

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89

What are deer repellents based in?

Capsaicin

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90

What is secondary toxicity?

When an animal eats the remains of a poisoned animal and is therefore poisoned.

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91

What is a lethal trap used for rodents?

Victor Rat Trap

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92

What are two non-lethal rodent traps?

Sherman trap, Box/Cage Style Traps

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93

Why is determining the size of an animal crucial in trapping?

Prevents bycatch and ensures trap will function as intended

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94

What bait works best for Rats and Mice?

Oatmeal

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95

What bait works best for Raccoons?

Sardines and Marshmallows

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96

What bait works best for Opossums?

Dry Cat Food

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97

What bait works best for Armadillos?

Worms

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98

What bait works best for Skunks?

Wet Cat Food, Sardines, Etc.

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99

Why is trap size particularly crucial when trapping skunks?

Cant lift tail, cant spray.

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100

What bait works best for Groundhogs?

Apples

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