music appreciation exam 1

conjunct

A melody that moves by small intervals

disjunct

a melody that moves by large intervals

monophony

a texture in which there is only one melody and no accompaniment the simplest type of texture.

polyphony

a texture in which there are two or more musical lines present at the same time, each with equal value. The technique of harmoniously setting one musical line against another is called counterpoint.

homophony

a texture in which there is one main melody and the accompanying lines are subordinate.

strophic

Song structure in which the same music is d repeated with every stanza (strophe) of fi the poem

chordophones

produce sound from a vibrating string stretched between two points. The string may be set in motion by bowing, as on a violin; by plucking, as on a guitar or a Chinese pipa; or by striking, as on a hammered dulcimer.

aerophones

produce sound by using air. Instruments in this category include flutes, whistles, and horns—in short, any wind instrument.

idiophones

produce sound from the substance itself. They may be struck, as are steel drums from Trinidad; scraped or shaken, as are African rattles; or plucked, as is the mbira, or African "thumb piano.”

membranophones

drum-type instruments that are sounded from tightly stretched membranes. They too can be struck, plucked, rubbed, or even sung into, to set the skin in vibration.

countermelody

A melody may be accompanied by a secondary melody

meter

marked off in measures (or bars), organizes the beats (the basic units) in music.

nonmetric

without an identifiable meter or clear beat

octave

the interval spanning eight notes of the scale

round

Perpetual canon at the unison in which each voice enters in succession with the same melody (for example, Row, Row, Row Your Boat).

ostinato

repetition of a short melodic rhythmic or harmonic pattern

word-painting

Musical pictorialization of words as an expressive device; a prominent feature of the Renaissance madrigal.