Middle Passage

Magellan

He circumnavigated the world

 Cartography

Map making

 lateen sails

One of the maritime technological advancements, makes it easy for ships to go the other direction of the wind 

 magnetic compass

One of the maritime technological advancements, used for determining direction on the surface of the earth 

Carrack

Portugal, 3-4 lateen sails, used for trade

Caravel

 Portuguese and spanish, 2-3 lateen sails, fast ship, explore the west coast of africa 

Fluyt

 dutch 80ft long, 2-3 square sails, used for trade 

Astrolabe

used to calculate lines of latitude 

 Ming dynasty Navy

3,500 ships, crew of 1,500 people, nine masts and 12 sails, they controlled indian trade routes

onions, olives, turnips, coffee beans, citrus fruits, grapes, bananas, sugar cane, honey bees, peaches, pears, grains, livestock

goods to the Western hemisphere

squash, pumpkin, turkey, peanuts, potatoes, tomatoes, corn, yams(sweet potatoes), peppers, tobacco, pineapple, cacao, beans, vanilla

goods to Eastern hemisphere

 Middle Passage

A forced voyage of enslaved africans across the atlantic ocean to the new world, Enslaved labor (slaves) = tobacco, sugar, rum = profit = gun, cloth = trade for more africans = process repeated

Smallpox, Measles, Influenza, Malaria, bubonic plague, typhus, diphtheria, chicken pox, cholere, cold, leprosy

 diseases to Western hemisphere

 Treaty of Tordesillas

Split the world on lines of longitude giving the eastern world to Portugal speaking Portuguese and western hemisphere to Spain speaking Spanish except for Brazil which is portuguese

Mercantilism

an economic system of trade that was based on the idea that a nation's wealth and power were best served by increasing exports and trade

 chattel slavery

people are bought and sold as personal property

 indentured servants

people would go into a contract to work without a salary to repay a loan within a certain time 

 Spanish (Inca) mitʻa system

forced to provide 1/7 of labore to spain, abused it for work, government, carpe nan was built,

 Dutch East India Company

trading company found in the dutch republic, worth 7.9 million

 Peninsulares

1st in line, Spaniards born in spain 

Creoles

2nd in line, Born in new spain of spanish parents 

 Mestizos

3rd in line, Born of spanish and native american indian parents 

 Native Americans

4th in line 

 enslaved people

 5th in line, brought from africa and the caribbean 

tulip mania

first future, buying things before planted, It was a time period during the golden age and was one of the most famous market bubble and crashes of all time, first time people are buying things before its grown