Bonding and Physical Properties of Molecules

These flashcards cover key terms related to bonding and its effects on the physical properties of molecules.

Polarity

The distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule, affecting its physical properties.

Hydrogen Bonding

A type of intermolecular force that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative elements like N, O, or F.

Viscosity

A measure of how thick a liquid is, related to the strength of intermolecular forces.

Volatility

The ease of evaporation of a compound; highly volatile substances evaporate easily.

Intermolecular Forces

Forces that act between molecules, significantly affecting properties like boiling and melting points.

Solubility

The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent, influenced by the polarity of both solute and solvent.

Miscibility

The ability of two liquids to mix in all proportions, typically dependent on polarity.

Lattice Structure

A regular, repeating arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in three-dimensional space, characteristic of solids.

Permanent Dipole

A molecule with a permanent separation of positive and negative charges due to differences in electronegativity.

Non-polar Molecules

Molecules that have no significant dipole moment; they do not mix with polar solvents.