16-30 Hackers Vocabulary 토픽별 빈출어휘 Book
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202 Terms
Management
A field of study that deals with business operations, especially topics related to marketing.
Corporation [kɔ:rpəréifən]
A large-scale business.
Entrepreneur [àntrəprənə́:r]
A person who starts and runs a personal business.
Advertiser [ǽdvərtaizər]
An individual or entity that commissions advertising activities.
Target Marketing
A marketing strategy that divides consumers into small units and provides products tailored to the characteristics of those units.
Green Marketing
A marketing strategy that develops environmentally friendly products to enhance brand image and increase sales.
Brand Loyalty
The degree to which consumers prefer a particular brand and continue to purchase products from that brand.
Endorsement [ìndɔ́:rsmənt]
Promoting or endorsing (a product by a celebrity).
Flyer [fláiər]
A flyer for advertising or information purposes.
Slogan [slóugən]
An easy and simple phrase used in advertising or propaganda to manipulate public behavior.
Buzzer [bʌ́zər]
A person hired by a company to spread favorable rumors about a specific product or brand.
Voucher [váutʃər]
Discount coupon, gift certificate.
Boycott [bɔ́ikàt]
A consumer-led refusal movement against specific goods or services.
Accounting [əkáuntiŋ]
The process of recording and reporting a company's economic activities.
Capital [kǽpətl]
Funds needed to start and operate a business.
Merger [mə́:rdʒər]
The merging of organizations or businesses.
Bankruptcy [bǽŋkrʌpsi]
The state of being unable to pay off debts.
Contract [kɔ́ntrækt]
A legally binding agreement.
Franchise [frǽntʃaiz]
A management method in which a franchisee operates a business by paying a certain amount in exchange for acquiring the franchisor's trade name, trademark experience, know-how, and recognition.
Retail [rí:teil]
Sales transactions between retailers and consumers.
Supplier [səpláiər]
A person or company that provides goods or services.
Manufacturer [mænjəfǽktʃərər]
A company that produces products.
Mass Production
A method of producing products in large quantities.
Raw Materials
Basic materials used in product manufacturing.
Standardization [stæ̀ndərdəzéiʃən]
The process of unifying product quality, shape, size, performance, etc., to meet certain standards.
Incentive [inséntiv]
Compensation provided by a company based on the degree of achievement of business goals to encourage employee performance.
Performance Evaluation Grade
A grade obtained by comprehensively evaluating an employee's abilities, performance, and attitude.
Out of Work [àutəvwə́:rk]
The state of being unemployed.
Labor Union [jú:njən]
An organization formed by workers to maintain and improve working conditions.
Labor Movement
A movement centered on labor unions to improve the economic and social status of workers.
Strike [straik]
An act of temporarily suspending work in order to meet workers' demands.
Principle [prínsəpl]
A principle that underlies laws and regulations.
Obligation [ɑ̀bləɡéiʃən]
Legal or moral duty.
Legal System
The system of laws and its implementation process.
Constitution [kὰnstətjú:ʃən]
The basic law of a country.
Legislative Act
The act of enacting laws.
Enact [inékt]
To enact (a law).
Statute [ìnstətjú:ʃən]
Laws and regulations enacted by state institutions.
Provision [províʒən]
A clause (in a legal document).
Resolution [rèzəlú:ʃən]
A proposal to be resolved by discussing and consulting.
Property Rights
The right to own and use property.
Patent Law
Laws regarding patents.
License [láisəns]
An act of permitting a specific action.
Judicial [dʒu:díʃəl]
Related to law.
Jurisdiction [dʒùərisdíksən]
The power to judge.
Court [kɔ́:rt]
The place where the trial is held.
Attorney [ətə́:rni]
A legal expert who represents a party in a lawsuit.
Accuse [əkjú:z]
To bring to court on suspicion of a crime.
Commit [kəmít]
To commit (a crime or fault).
Witness [wítnis]
A person who testifies about an event.
Guilt [ɡɪlt]
The state of being found guilty of committing a crime.
Sentencing
The punishment imposed by a court on a criminal.
Penalty [pénəlti]
Sanctions imposed on those who violate the law.
Fine [fain]
A penalty paid with money.
Investigation [invèstəɡéiʃən]
Investigation of (a crime, situation, etc.).
Victim [víktɪm]
Victim of (crime, accident, etc.).
Theft [θeft]
The act of stealing another person's belongings.
Forgery [fɔ́:rdʒəri]
The crime of forging documents or currency.
Delinquency [dɪlíŋkwənsi]
Delinquency (especially of youth).
Criminology [krìmənɑ́lədʒi]
The study of criminals, the causes of crime, and its countermeasures.
Mentality [mentǽləti]
The way an individual's thoughts or attitudes are formed.
Stimulus [stímjuləs]
A factor that induces an individual's activity.
Motivation
The process of stimulating a certain behavior.
Drive [draɪv]
A strong and difficult-to-suppress desire.
Trigger [tríɡər]
Stimulus (that triggers a response).
Instinct [ɪ́nstɪŋkt]
A pattern of behavior that appears congenitally without learning.
Outlet [áutlet]
Means of expressing (feelings, thoughts, etc.).
Subconscious [sʌbkɑ́nʃəs]
Mental activity that one is not aware of.
Intrinsic [intrɪ́nzɪk]
Essential characteristic.
Repression [ripréʃən]
Repression of (emotions, desires).
Disinhibition [dɪsìnɪbíʃən]
A phenomenon in which suppressed emotions or behaviors are expressed.
Infancy [ɪ́nfənsi]
The early stage of development after birth.
Adolescence [æ̀dəlésəns]
The period of transition from childhood to adulthood.
Implicit Memory
Memory that affects behavior without being conscious.
Altruistic Behavior
Behavior that helps others.
Phenomenon [fɪnɑ́mənən]
Observable phenomena or events.
Culture Shock
Psychological discomfort felt in an unfamiliar cultural environment.
Panic [pǽnɪk]
Sudden extreme fear.
Craze [kreiz]
Temporary craze.
Peer Pressure
Social pressure received from peer groups.
Placebo Effect
A psychological phenomenon in which a fake drug has a real effect.
Stereotype
A simplified idea about a particular group.
Hypothesis [haɪpɑ́θəsɪs]
An unproven explanation or prediction.
Defense Mechanism
An unconscious psychological strategy to protect the ego.
Displacement Behavior
A third behavior that appears in a conflict situation.
Passive-Aggressiveness
Behavior that expresses hostility in a passive way.
Cognitive Dissonance
Psychological discomfort due to inconsistency between beliefs and actions.
Audience Effect
A phenomenon in which behavior is affected in front of others.
Freudian [frɔ́idiən]
Related to the theories of Sigmund Freud.
Epoch [épək]
An era (when important events and changes occurred).
Medieval [mìdií:vəl]
Related to the Middle Ages.
Feudal System
Land-based relationships between lords and vassals.
Hereditary [hərédətèri]
Inherited through family.
Emperor [émpərər]
The highest ruler governing an empire.
Aristocracy [æ̀rəstɑ́krəsi]
Privileged class.
Guild [ɡɪld]
A combination of merchants and craftsmen in medieval cities.
Patron [péitrən]
Patron (for painters, writers, etc.).
Peasant [péznt]
A farmer who leases land to farm.
Serf [sɜ́rf]
A subordinate peasant in medieval feudal society.
Rebellion [ribéljən]
Resistance to government or authority.