Voting

insincere voting

when a voter’s ballot doesn’t reflect their true preferences

ex: unpopular runner may not be worth voting for so voter puts later more popular choice up higher.

preference schedule

oragnized choices of the votes

preference ballot

one vote

calculate how many possible choices there can be with 2 choices, 3 choices, 4 choices and 6 choices

2×1

3×2

4×3×2

6×5×4×3×2×1= 720

plurality

which candidate got the most voites as first choice

majority

candidate with more than half the total votes

plurality with elimination

eliinating votes with the least favorite choices and voters will have to vote for a different runner

Voting

trying to find an outcome everyone accepts, even if it’s not their first choice

Methods to Vote

0. “Majority rules

1. plurality

2. plurality with elimination

3. Borda count

“Majority rules”

candidate has more than half of the votes

• con: outcome not guaranteed (if more than 2 candidates)

plurality

a candidate wins if they have more votes than any other candidate.

• pro: almost always produces an outcome

• con: outcome may be unpopular

plurality with elimination/instant runoff voting

if no candidate has no majority yet, eliminate the candidate with the least 1st place votes, repeat imaginary “runoff“ election with the rest

• need a preference ballot

Borda Count

vote turns into a score

ex: 4 candidates,

1st place vote gives 4 points to a candidate

2nd gives 3,

3rd gives 2,

4th gets 1

Candidate with highest score wins.

Almost always produces an outcome

Borda Count Method

Point based system based on how candidates rank person by person

ex:

1st place gets 4 pts,

2nd = 3 pts,

3rd = 2 pts

4th = 1 pts

pros: helps even out extreme biases

cons: longer time