Unit 5: Mental and Physical Health Topic 5.5: Treatment of Psychological Disorders Teacher: Kadi Alteini Psychotherapy Effectiveness: What Does the

Psychotherapy

A treatment for mental disorders that involves talking with a therapist.

Meta-analysis

A study that combines and analyzes results from multiple studies to gain clearer insights.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A therapeutic approach that aims to change maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors.

Therapeutic Alliance

The collaborative relationship between therapist and client, including trust and empathy.

Deinstitutionalization

The process of reducing the number of patients in psychiatric hospitals by promoting outpatient care.

Evidence-Based Practice

The use of scientific research to choose the most effective treatments for clients.

Nonmaleficence

The ethical principle of 'do no harm' in therapy.

Fidelity and Responsibility

Therapists' obligation to build trust and maintain professional boundaries.

Integrity

Therapists' requirement to be honest and transparent with clients regarding treatment.

Respect for People's Rights and Dignity

The ethical principle focusing on protecting clients' rights and cultural backgrounds.

Psychodynamic Therapy

A therapeutic approach aimed at uncovering unconscious conflicts influencing present behavior.

Free Association

A technique where clients say whatever comes to mind to uncover unconscious thoughts.

Dream Interpretation

A technique in therapy that analyzes dreams to reveal unconscious desires and fears.

Cognitive Restructuring

A cognitive therapy technique that helps clients identify and change distorted thinking.

Fear Hierarchies

A list of anxiety-provoking situations ranked from least to most frightening used in therapy.

The Cognitive Triad

A concept identifying negative thought patterns about the self, world, and future related to depression.

Behavioral Therapy

A therapeutic approach using conditioning principles to change problematic behaviors.

Exposure Therapy

A behavioral therapy technique that helps clients confront feared stimuli gradually.

Aversion Therapy

A technique that pairs unwanted behaviors with unpleasant stimuli to reduce those behaviors.

Token Economies

A behavior reinforcement system using tokens as rewards for desired behaviors.

Biofeedback

A technique teaching clients to control involuntary bodily functions by providing real-time feedback.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A combined approach of cognitive and behavioral techniques aimed at treating psychological disorders.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

A type of CBT designed to help clients manage intense emotions and improve relationships.

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

A therapy that focuses on changing irrational beliefs to reduce emotional distress.

Humanistic Therapy (Person-Centered Therapy)

A therapeutic approach focusing on creating a supportive environment for personal growth.

Unconditional Positive Regard

The therapist's acceptance of the client without judgment.

Active Listening

A therapeutic technique where the therapist listens without interruption to encourage client expression.

Empathy and Genuineness

Therapist qualities that promote authentic connection with clients.

Group Therapy

A form of therapy involving multiple clients in a shared setting facilitated by a therapist.

Individual Therapy

One-on-one therapeutic sessions tailored to a client's specific needs and concerns.

Hypnosis

A state of focused attention used as a therapeutic tool, though its efficacy is debated.

Psychoactive Medications

Drugs that alter brain chemistry to relieve symptoms of psychological disorders.

Antidepressants

Medications used to treat depression by increasing neurotransmitter levels.

Antianxiety Drugs

Medications aimed at reducing anxiety by increasing the activity of GABA.

Antipsychotics

Medications that block dopamine receptors to treat symptoms of schizophrenia.

Mood Stabilizers

Medications used to reduce the intensity of manic and depressive episodes.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A treatment for severe depression involving controlled electric currents to induce seizures.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

A non-invasive treatment using magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells for depression.

Psychosurgery

Surgical interventions to remove or damage brain tissue, rarely used in modern practice.