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Define Strength
the ability of a material to withstand a force without breaking or bending.
Define Elasticity
The ability of a material to bend or flex when subjected to a force and then return to its original shape.
Define Hardness
A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched
Define Toughness
Mechanical property of a material that indicates the ability of the material to handle overloading before it fractures.
Define Brittleness
The tendency to crack or break; the opposite of elasticity
Define Durability
the ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage.
Define stability
Resistance to withstand changes in shape or size over time.
What is wood like in relation to Stability?
Unstable - tends to warp and twist with changes in humidity.
What are the main the Client needs?
'ACCESS FM'
A - Aesthetics
C - Customer (Who?)
C - Cost
E - Environment (will it help the environment?)
S - Size
S - Shape
F - Function
M - Material
Why are man made boards made?
-They are the most economical method of using wood.
-They allow much bigger sheets to be produces than what can be cut from a tree.
-They are stable and are free from knots and splits.
Name 5 man-made woods (Bloody Hell! My Pretty cat)
- Block Board
- Hardboard
- Medium density fibreboard
- Plywood
- Chipboard
Define welding
Pieces of metal are melted along the joints fusing the two sheets together as they cool.
What are the two main types of welding?
- Electric Arc (MIG)
- Gas (Oxy-acetylene)
What are bolts?
Similar to machine screws but with shaped heads that can be tightened with spanners
What are pop rivets?
Enable you to complete the joint when only having access to one side of the work. They are usually used for joining thin sheets together.
What is a Plastic weld?
A multi-purpose plastic adhesive that joins most types of plastics
What plastics must you not use a plastic weld on?
Foamed plastics
Name three devices that as well as joining metals can be used for joining plastics.
- Nuts
- Bolts
- Rivets
What is Tenasol 12?
It is good for acrylic, Its quick and easy but if split could mark the work and is not very strong.
Name 2 advantages of CAD
- Quicker than by hand
- More accurate than my hand
List 4 disadvantages of CAD
- Expensive to set up
- excess plastic from trial runs
- Need trained staff
- Software problems could occur
Define hard woods
Grows very slowly, Strong and relatively expensive, aesthetically pleasing
List 5 hard woods (Oh My! Thick Ass Booty!)
- Oak
- Mahogany
- Teak
- Ash
- Birch
Define Soft Wood
Grows quickly ,Widely available, Cheaper and used in furniture and papermaking
Name 2 soft woods
- Pine
- Spruce
What is a ferrous metal?
A metal that contains iron
What is a non-ferrous metal?
a metal that does not contain iron
List 3 factors of ALUMINUMN
Light weight, easy to machine, does not corrode easily
List 3 factors of MILD STEEL
Strong, Can we welded, rusts unless protected
List 3 factors of COPPER
Malleable, Excellent electrical conductor, Ductile
List 2 factors of PEWTER
Low melting point, can be cast into detailed shapes
List 4 Metals (My-Sister Ate Pop Corn)
- Mild Steel
- Aluminumn
- Pewter
- Copper
What is a thermoplastic?
A polymer that once heated can be formed into a variety of shapes using different forming techniques. once cooled the shape is held but they can be continuously reheated and shaped.
What is a thermosetting plastic?
These can't be altered by heat once they are made. Used where melting plastics would be dangerous. Eg, Plug Sockets
How is polystyrene made and what can it be used for?
Its vacuum formed - yoghurt pots etc...
How is Nylon made and what can it be used for?
Injection moulded -Washers, nuts and bolts
How is Polypropylene made and what can it be used for?
Injection moulded - Bottle tops
How is Acrylic made and what can it be used for?
Hand / CAM cut - sales display and CD racks
How is ABS made and what can it be used for?
Injection moulded - Cur bumpers
How is PVC made and what can it be used for?
Extruded - Drain pipes and packaging
How is PET made and what can it be used for?
Blow moulded - bottles
How is HDPE made and what can it be used for?
Injection moulded - buckets and wheelbarrows
How is LDPE made and what can it be used for?
Blow moulded - shampoo and hair gel packs
What is melamine used for?
Plastic coating for chipboard kitchen worktops
What is Polyester resin used for?
Casting, pouring into a mould mixed with glass fibres to make fibreglass
What is urea formaldehyde used for and how is it made?
it is compression moulded and is used for Electrical components eg, plugs, fuse boxes, light switches
What is finishing?
Any process done to the surface of a product to make the product more attractive to a consumer
What is galvanising?
Galvanising can be used to protect iron or steel objects. The object is coated in a layer of zinc, the zinc stops water and oxygen reaching the initial metal and stops corrosion
What is Plastic dip coating?
the part is heated and then dipped into a thermoplastic powder which melts on to the metal
What is Oil based paint?
Provides a waterproof seal for ferrous metals and also an attractive finish. Used for car bodywork.
What is anodizing?
Involves staining the oxide layer of aluminium with a pigment to introduce colour and reduce corrosion. Commonly used for mountain bike parts.
What is staining?
Involves applying a water based pigment to improve the look of wood.
What is Polyurethane Varnish?
A tough clear coating that seals wood but allows the grain to be seen. Used for outdoor furniture.
What is finishing for plastics?
plastics are generally self-finishing meaning that once moulded into the shape they require no further work. Coloured Pigments can be added but only before moulding.
List 4 advantages of Robotics
- Increased efficiency and productivity
- Fewer errors and greater accuracy
- Limited human input reducing labour costs
- The ability to perform work that is otherwise dangerous for humans.
List 4 Disadvantages of robotics
- Expensive to set up and maintain
- Replaces human labour leading to job loss
- No human judgment
- Requires highly skilled workers to operate the equipment
What are the 5 stages of the life cycle assessment?
1. Extracting raw materials
2. Manufacture
3. Distributing and packaging
4. Use
5. Disposal
What are the 6 R's?
Repair, reuse, recycle, rethink, reduce and refuse
Name two Composite Materials
- Glass reinforces Plastic
- Carbon reinforced Plastic
List 7 types of stock form
- Sheet
- Rod
- Flat strip
- Tube
- Angle
- Channel
- Strip
What is erganomics?
-It's about how a person interacts with a product and their environment
-Is the user comfortable using the product?
What is taken into consideration when talking about anthropometrics?
-Height
-waist size
-weight
-arm span
What it qualitative data?
Described with words (quaLITative)
What is quantitive data?
Described using numbers or a set figure
What does a design brief usually contain a description of?
-Budget
-Function
-Target audience
-Time scale
-Why is it needed?
-Aesthetics
What does the manufacturing spec consist of?
-Assemble instructions
-Scale of production
-Annotations
-Components Required
-tolerences
-Quality Control
-Assurance control
What social factors should be taken into consideration when Planning a product?
-Climate Change
-Deforestation
-Fair Trade
