Weekly Quiz #9

What do massive volcanic eruptions, for example, El Chichon and Mount Pinatubo, tell us about climatic effects.

Volcanic activity has almost no effect on the planet's weather or climate.

Volcanic activity causes cooling. But it only lasts a few years and then the effect disappears.

Volcanic activity cools the planet, therefore one volcanic eruption could nullify any man-made effects.

Volcanic activity warms the planet, therefore climate change is not anthropogenic.

Volcanic activity causes cooling. But it only lasts a few years and then the effect disappears.

The __________ winds drive fires in Southern California, for example, the Getty fire in 2019.

Diablo

Santa Ana

Santa Claus

Chinook

Santa Clara

Santa Ana

The __________ Cycles posits that climate variation over 100-300 kya can be predicted by changes in orbital geometry.

Fujita

Wegner

Saffir

Milankovitch

Richter

Milankovitch

On an exceptionally cold winter day, one of your classmates makes a comment writing off the idea of global warming. Why is their statement wrong?

Weather is a short-term phenomenon and we cannot make conclusions about the climate based on a single-day temperature readings.

While cold weather can still exist with global warming, the fact that today is colder than usual refutes global warming.

The presence of one day of cold weather means that there is no global warming.

One day of cold weather shows that the jet stream has been stabilized due to global warming.

Weather is a short-term phenomenon and we cannot make conclusions about the climate based on a single-day temperature readings.

The Older Dryas and Younger Dryas represent __________.

periods of dry climate in the last 20,000 years

one warming stage and one cooling stage during the last glaciation

two warming stages during the last glaciation

two cooling ages after a brief warm-up period

two cooling ages after a brief warm-up period

Distinguish between weather and climate.

Weather is based on climate, and both weather and climate can change from day to day.

Weather is the state of the atmosphere in one particular place and time; climate is the state of the atmosphere in one particular region at one particular time.

Weather is a description of aggregate weather conditions over time; climate is the state of an atmosphere at a given time and place.

Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place; climate is a description of aggregate weather conditions over a long period of time.

Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place; climate is a description of aggregate weather conditions over a long period of time.

True or False:We are currently living in an Ice Age.

True

The principle factors that come into play when volcanism affects climate include all but which of the following?

The type of gas and the atmospheric level at which they are placed

The height of eruption columns

The size and rate of eruptions

The latitude of the eruption

The isotopic ratio of oxygen emitted during eruptions

The isotopic ratio of oxygen emitted during eruptions

True or False: A greenhouse climate represents times of colder climates and an icehouse climate represents times of warmer climates.

False

A __________ burns over 1,000,000 acres of land.

megafire

kingfire

gigafire

superfire

gigafire

True or False: The atmosphere of Venus has dramatically changed as compared to Earth over the last 4 billion years.

False

True or False: During the Paleocene it was much warmer on Earth than it is now.

True